# Chapter 28: Change Happens

Why is change management needed in project development?

Change management is needed because requirements change as development proceeds, and external conditions such as market opportunities and regulations can also change.

What are the objectives of change management?

To ensure changes are evaluated before commitment, decisions are made by appropriate personnel, change information is transparent to stakeholders, change content is tracked, and changes are executed effectively.

What problems can arise from uncontrolled change?

Uncontrolled change can lead to project chaos, schedule delays, quality degradation, inconsistency between documentation and code, and excessive rework.

What is scope creep and what causes it?

Scope creep refers to uncontrolled growth of project requirements, often caused by unclear customer requirements or the sheer size of the product.

What methods can be used to control scope creep?

Methods include clearly defining business goals, product vision, project scope, involving customers deeply, using prototyping, and saying 'No' or 'Not now' to unnecessary requirements.

What is the role of the Change Control Board (CCB)?

The CCB decides which changes are acceptable, prioritizes changes, schedules versions, and balances business value, cost, and impact.

What are the exit criteria in the change control process?

Exit criteria include status being Rejected/Closed/Canceled, all artifacts updated properly, and stakeholders notified.

What are the three steps of impact analysis?

1. Understand potential impacts of the change, 2. Identify artifacts that need modification, 3. Estimate required work items and effort cost.

In Agile projects, who decides the priorities for changes?

The Product Owner or Customer decides priorities, while the team collectively evaluates change costs.

What should be included in a CCB charter?

A CCB charter should include the purpose, scope of authority, member roles, decision-making methods, meeting frequency, and escalation procedures.

What is the main benefit of conducting impact analysis?

Conducting impact analysis helps to understand potential ripple effects of changes, which prevents incorrect estimates, delays, and rework.

What is the entry criterion in the change control process?

The entry criterion is the submission of a valid change request.

How can agile teams handle requests for changes during an iteration?

Agile teams welcome change, dynamically reprioritize the product backlog, and may adjust the iteration content based on team decisions.

What is an effective technique for managing scope creep?

The most effective technique is to 'Dare to say

What should happen when a change request is submitted?

A change request must go through a review process where it is evaluated and a decision is made on its acceptance.