Titration

Acid

Substances with a sour taste and a pH less than 7, e.g., HCl and H2SO4.

Base

Substances with a bitter taste and a pH greater than 7, e.g., NaOH and NH3.

Neutralization Reaction

A reaction between an acid and a base to form a salt and water, e.g., HCl + NaOH -> NaCl + H2O.

Titration Experiment

A method to determine the concentration of an unknown solution by reacting it with a known solution.

Preparation

Gathering equipment like burette, pipette, and flask, and preparing standard solutions for the experiment.

Procedure

Measuring the volume of the unknown solution, adding an indicator, and titrating with a standard solution until the endpoint is reached.

Calculations

Determining the volume of the standard solution used, finding moles of the unknown substance, and calculating the concentration of the unknown solution.

Analysis

Comparing the calculated concentration with the expected value, identifying sources of error, and drawing conclusions from the experiment.