Emerging Modes of Business, Social Responsibility, and Business Finance

Vocabulary flashcards covering key terms, definitions, and concepts from Chapters 5, 6, and 8 of the Business Studies notes.

Intra-B Commerce

E-commerce transactions where the parties involved are from within a single given business firm.

Cash on Delivery

A payment method where payment is made immediately upon the physical delivery of goods.

B2B Commerce

A type of e-commerce transaction in which both the buyers and the sellers are business firms.

e-business

A broader term than e-commerce that covers a wide range of electronic business activities and operations.

Plastic Money

A common term used to refer to payment cards such as debit cards and credit cards.

Smart Card

A common name for electronic cards including ATM cards, debit cards, credit cards, and metro cards.

B2C Commerce

E-commerce transactions where business firms are at one end and their individual customers are at the other end.

Digitization

The process of converting information into a electronic series of ones and zeros.

Cookies

Files stored on a web browser that act similarly to a caller ID for business websites.

Cypher Text

Data or text that has been converted into an unreadable format for secure transmission.

Pre-purchase Stage

The stage in an e-commerce transaction cycle where customers seek information about products or services.

Internet

The most familiar public computer network used for e-business and global connectivity.

Social Responsibility

An enterprise obligation that is broader than legal responsibility, involving voluntary actions to benefit society.

Environment

The totality of man's surroundings, encompassing both natural and man-made elements.

Pollution

The injection of harmful substances into the natural environment.

Industry

The sector that acts as the major generator of environmental waste in terms of both quantity and toxicity.

Ethics

The entire body of moral values that society attaches to the actions and conduct of human beings.

Discretionary Responsibility

Voluntary obligations assumed by a business enterprise, such as making charitable contributions.

Debentures

Financial instruments representing loan capital and borrowed funds raised by a company.

Equity Shareholders

The primary owners of a company who hold voting rights and equity shares.

Public Deposits

Deposits raised directly from the public as a source of business finance.

Commercial Paper

An unsecured short-term money market instrument issued by a company in the form of a promissory note.

Working Capital

Funds required to manage the daily operational activities of a business.

CRISIL

A credit rating agency whose rating is required prior to the public issue of debentures.

Retained Earnings

An internal source of business finance created by ploughing back earned profits.

Factoring

A short-term source of finance and financial service involving the management and sale of receivables.

Lessor

The entity or legal owner of an asset in a lease financing arrangement.