Skills check

Gross motor - sitting

Sitting

1 Forward head posture Head in line w/ trunk 2-3 Tripod sitting w/ support Some head lag w/ pull to sit 4-5 No head lag Sit w/ support Lateral shifts 5-6 Tripod sitting Leaning fwd, propping themselves up on hands 6-7 Sit independently when placed: w/out using hands 7-11 Functional sitting: pivots, shifts wt, transitions in/out sitting

Gross motor - prone

Prone

1 Slight head elevation Rotate head 2-3 Forearm support Lateral weight shifts Lift head 45 deg 4-5 Weight shifting Reaching w/ 1 arm Pivot in prone 6-7 Push up on extended arm Rocking in quadruped Push self backwards Army crawl 8-9 Transition in/out of prone

Gross motor - supine

Supine

1-3 Reciprocal & symmetrical kicking & arm swinging 4-5 Feet to mouth 6-7 Rolls back → belly Push self to sit 8-9  Raises self to sit 9-12 Transitions in/out supine

Gross motor - quadruped

Quadruped

2-3 Forearm support Lift head 4-5 Weight shifting Reaching w/ 1 arm Pivot in prone 6-7 Gets into quadruped Rock back and forth Pushes on extended arms in prone 8-9 Transitions in/out quadruped Creep/crawl

Gross motor - walking

Walking

Stepping reflex: 2 Disappearance Reappearance: 9-12  (right before walking)     10-15 mo High guard Wide BOS Frequent falls   10-12 wks after initiation of gait Low guard Reciprocal arm swing Fewer falls   2+ years Head & trunk erect

Facilitation - Rolling - supine to prone

Rolling - supine to prone (R's)

4-6 mo

Place toy slightly to one side & above head Visual tracking Move toy slowly toward midline Baby follows toys w/ eyes Encourages head turning - 1st step in rolling Keep arm tucked to side Guide at the hip Hand on hip that will roll over - help rotate Bring leg across body Hips & knees should be flexed *can use toy instead of leading w/ leg Encourage baby to reach for toy across body

Facilitation - Rolling - prone to supine

Rolling - prone to supine  (T's)

4-6 mo

Have child propped on elbows Place toy slightly to one side & up from head Slowly move toy towards back of head to facilitate tracking Child may reach for toy Keep bringing toy to opposite side

Facilitation - SL to sit

Sidelying to sit

6-9 mo

Support @ bottom armpit & top hip Have them prop on elbow Encourage to push up on arm to get into sitting Help guide trunk into sitting - pushing down on top hip & pulling up on armpit   *may need to support at bottom ear if head lag

Facilitation - Tall kneel to standing

Tall kneel to standing

8-12 mo

Place child in front of elevated surface (at least chest height)   Start in tall kneel Encourage wt shift to side while guarding at pelvis While wt shifting, get into half kneel Wt shift back to get other foot up Place toy out of reach to encourage standing

Facilitation - sitting to quadruped

Sitting to quadruped

7-10 mo

Have child wt shift laterally onto arm from sitting Place toy forward & lateral  Facilitate legs into side sitting Facilitate pelvis and opposite leg to "roll" into quadruped Rotate hip Bring knees under hips   *may need to facilitate @ arms & legs if significant problems

Facilitation - cruising

Cruising

9-15 mo

Standing w/ support at edge of couch/table Place toy laterally just out of reach Support at pelvis - encourage weight shifting Wt shift onto plant leg & facilitate opposite leg to step towards toy May have to help move foot Move toys sideways

Galant

Galant

30 weeks gestation

2 months

Stroke skin along spine: shoulder→ hip

Lateral trunk flexion toward stimulus

Issues SB w/ crawling Fidgeting, can't sit still Poor posture

Primitive walking/stepping

Galant

30 weeks gestation

2 months

Stroke skin along spine: shoulder→ hip

Lateral trunk flexion toward stimulus

Issues SB w/ crawling Fidgeting, can't sit still Poor posture

Palmar grasp

Palmar Grasp

28 weeks gestation

4 months

Pressure to ulnar side of hand

Finger flexion/grasp

Grip - won't let go Poor handwriting, weak pencil grip Difficulty w/ fine motor skills

Plantar grasp

Plantar Grasp

28 weeks gestation

9 months

Pressure to sole just proximal to metatarsal heads

Toe flexion/grasp

Balance problems Toe walking

Moro/startle

Moro/Startle

28 weeks gestation

5 months

Sudden noise or dropping sensation

Arm abduction/extension followed by adduction; crying

Emotional dysregulation - anxiety, easily overwhelmed, difficulty concentration

Sucking/swallow

Sucking/Swallow

28 weeks gestation

5 months

Touch lips or inside mouth

Rhythmic jaw excursion Tongue movement up/down→ swallow

Feeding problems Drooling Speech difficulties

Rooting

Rooting

28 weeks gestation

3-8 months

Stroke cheek/side of mouth

Head & mouth turns toward stimulus

Feeding problems Drooling Speech difficulties

ATNR

ATNR (Asymmetrical Tonic Neck Reflex)

20 weeks gestation

6 months

Turn head to one side

Face side: arm/leg extend Skull side: arm/leg flex

Difficulty crossing midline Handwriting issues Poor coordination

STNR

STNR (Symmetrical Tonic Neck Reflex)

1 month

4-6 months

Neck flexion or extension

Flexion: arms flex, hips extend Extension: arms extend, hips flex

Poor posture Difficulty sitting still Poor hand-eye coordination

TLR

TLR (Tonic Labyrinthine Reflex)

Birth

4-6 months

Head position in prone or supine

Prone: increased flexor tone Supine: increased extensor tone

Poor balance, posture, coordination, body awareness

Landeau

Landau

4-6 months

2-3 years

Held horizontally in prone

Extension of head, trunk, and legs

Weak posture Poor trunk strength Delayed postural control

Neck writing on body

Neck Righting on Body

4-6 months

5 years

Turn head in supine

Log rolls to that side

Difficulty crawling, rotation, coordination body movements

Amphibian

Amphibian

6 months (after ATNR integration)

Not listed

In prone, lift pelvis on one side

Same-side hip, knee, and arm flexion

Trouble rolling & rotating Poor coordination of head & body movements

Protective extension

Protective Extension

Downward: 4 mo Forward/Lateral: 6-9 mo Backward: 9 mo

Life

Pushed in a direction Or head held down

Arm extension to prevent fall

Increased fall risk Decreased confidence w/ movement

PDMS

Bot

PEDI-cat

SFA

GMFM

Pediatric balance scale

DAYC

AIMS

Bayley

TIMP