Week 11 - Regulating Cell Cycle
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17 Terms
G0
Quiescence
Reversible resting state where cell not dividing but able to reenter cell cycle
Senescence
Permanent exit from cell cycle
Metabolically active
Due to telomere shortening
Initiation of Cell Cycle - Process
Mitogens bind to receptor
Signal effector
Kinase cascade
Phosphorylation activate trans factor
Switch on cyclin genes
Mitogens
Extracellular factors that trigger cell division
Cyclin
Regulatory protein with no enzymatic activity
4 Cyclins
D - G1
E - G1/S
A - S/G2
B - M
Cyclin Dependent Kinase (CDK)
Enzyme that phosphorylate + control cell division/transcription
CDK - Process
Inactive
Bind to cyclin
Active
Bind to substrate
CDK Inhibitors
Bind + inhibit CDK & cyclin
Protooncogenes vs Oncogenes
Normal vs mutated
Protooncogenes vs Tumour Suppressor - Mutations
1 become constitutive vs 2 lose function
Protooncogenes - Products
Mitogen receptors
Cyclins
CDK
Tumour Suppressor - Products
CDK inhibitors
Wee1 - Kinase
Add phosphate
Inactivate CDK
Cdc25 - Phosphatase
Remove phosphate
Activate CDK
If cell fails checkpoint
Wee1 activated
CDK inactivated
Once problem solved
Cdc25 activated
CDK re activated