Solubility Rules

Chemistry rules, names, and formula

Soluble or Insoluble: Na2S

Soluble

“Like Dissolves _ _ _ _”

like

“Polar or ionic substances are more soluble in _ _ _ _ _ solvents”

polar

“Nonpolar substances are more soluble in _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ solvents”

nonpolar

True or false: NaCl is soluble in H2O?

True

True or False: I2 is soluble in C6H12?

True

True or False: All ionic compounds are soluble in water?

False

Soluble or Insoluble: LiOH

Soluble

Soluble or Insoluble: PbCO3

Insoluble

Soluble or Insoluble: AgCl

Insoluble

Soluble or Insoluble: FeS

Insoluble

Soluble or Insoluble: K2CrO4

Soluble

Soluble or Insoluble: Mn(OH)3

Insoluble

Soluble or Insoluble: PbSO4

Insoluble

What is the state: Na2S

Aqueous

What is the state: LiOH

Aqueous

What is the state: PbCO3

Solid

“Soluble dissolves in _ _ _ _ _”

H2O

“Insoluble does not dissolve in _ _ _ _ _”

H2O

What is the solubility of Group IA?

Soluble

What is the solubility of NH4+?

Soluble

What is the solubility of C2H3O2-?

Soluble

What is the solubility of NO3-?

Soluble

What is the solubility of Cl-, Br-, and I-?

Soluble

What is the solubility of SO4²-?

Soluble

What is the solubility of CO3²-, PO4³-, CrO4²-?

Insoluble

What is the solubility of S²-?

Insoluble

What is the solubility of OH-?

Insoluble

What is the exception for Cl-, Br-, I-?

Ag+, Pb²+, Hg2²+

What is the exception for SO4²-?

Ca²+, Sr²+, Ba²+, Pb²+

What is the exception for CO3²-, PO4³-, CrO4²-?

Group IA and NH4+

What is the exception for S²-?

Group IA, IIA, and NH4+

What is the exception for OH-?

Group IA, Ca²+, Ba²+, and Sr²+

What is the meaning of: “Dilute solutions contain a relatively small amount of solute”

Watered down, weaker solution

What is the meaning of: “Concentrated solutions contain a relatively large amount of solute”

Stronger solution

For Solids: A solution that contains less solute than it’s solubility limit

Unsaturated solutions

For solids: A solution that contains the maximum amount of solute

Saturated Solutions

For solids: A solution that has been prepared to hold more solute than its solubility limit

Supersaturated Solution

For liquids: 2 liquids that form a solution in all proportions

Miscible (mixable)

For liquids: 2 liquids that do not form a solution

Immiscible (don’t mix)

Factors that affect the dissolving speed: 1

Particle size (crush it)

Factors that affect the dissolving speed: 2

Temperature (heat it)

Factors that affect the dissolving speed: 3

Agitation (stir it)

Factors that affect Solubility: Solids solubility increases when this increases, gases’ solubility decreases when this increases

Temperature

Factors that affect Solubility: the solubility of gas increases when this increases

Pressure

Nature of Solute/ Solvent

Like dissolves like

Strong Base or Acid: LiOH

Base

Strong Base or Acid: KOH

Base

Strong Base or Acid: CsOH

Base

Strong Base or Acid: Ba(OH)2

Base

Strong Base or Acid: NaOH

Base

Strong Base or Acid: RbOH

Base

Strong Base or Acid: Sr(OH)2

Base

Strong Base or Acid: Ca(OH)2

Base

Strong Base or Acid: HNO3

Acid

Strong Base or Acid: HClO4

Acid

Strong Base or Acid: HBr

Acid

Strong Base or Acid: H2SO4

Acid

Strong Base or Acid: HCl

Acid

Strong Base or Acid: HI

Acid