HIS: Chapter 23-26 quiz questions

What did Franklin and Eleanor Roosevelt have in common before they married?

They were related as distant cousins.

Who was the primary architect of the U.S. repatriation policy for Mexican Americans?

Herbert Hoover

What was the purpose of the Wagner Act?

It guaranteed workers the right to organize unions and bargain directly with management.

To which area did Dust Bowl refugees primarily relocate?

California

Who were the Marx Brothers?

They produced anarchic masterpieces of irreverent satire that provided a sense of escape.

Why did a recession escalate in the months before the 1929 stock market crash?

overproduction and underconsumption

How did President Herbert Hoover initially respond to the growing social crisis caused by the Great Depression?

He remained upbeat and emphasized voluntarism by charities and individuals to solve the problem.

Which of the following factors caused the stock market to crash in 1929?

the buying of large amounts of stock on margin

Which of the following statements best summarizes the experience of African Americans in the military during World War II?

Most were relegated to support duties, but after 1944 many Black soldiers served with distinction and their excellence spurred military and civilian leaders to desegregate the armed forces after the war.

What was the Second New Deal?

the more far-reaching phase of the New Deal agenda

Which of the following statements accurately describes the German blitzkrieg?

It was centered on speed and stunned defenders who faced coordinated air and land forces in western Europe.

The postwar conflict between the United States and the Soviet Union was fundamentally a clash between __________ ideologies.

capitalist and communist

General Douglas MacArthur and Admiral Chester Nimitz developed the __________ strategy to defeat the Japanese in the Pacific war.

island-hopping

How did World War II impact America’s approach to foreign policy?

It transformed the United States’ role in global diplomacy, and by the end of the war the U.S. was the principal member of a coalition of democratic nations allied against former ally the Soviet Union.

What did the governments of Italy and Germany have in common by the 1930s?

Both had established fascist forms of government.

Which of the following statements best summarizes the experience of Mexican Americans who served in World War II?

Mexican Americans served in large numbers and won a higher percentage of Medals of Honor than any other minority group, but they still faced discrimination at home.

Which British prime minister signed the Munich Pact with Mussolini and Hitler, granting Germany the Sudetenland in exchange for promises to stop seeking new territory?

Neville Chamberlain

By November 1941, the United States insisted that it would lift the embargo on shipments of oil and other strategic materials to Japan only after that country

withdrew completely from China.

What was Hitler’s “Final Solution”?

the systematic extermination of the Jews and other non-Aryan groups

In addition to the destruction of German and Italian fascism and Japanese militarism, how did World War II significantly transform international relations?

The Soviet Union emerged from the war as a new global superpower, poised against its recent ally, the United States.

What was the result of the Truman Doctrine?

It committed the United States to help “free people” who were facing pressure from Communism.

As a result of the Korean War, U.S. foreign policy led to U.S. military intervention in

Southeast Asia

Which of the following endorsed a massive, militarized version of containment that guided American foreign policy for decades?

NSC-68

Based on the “domino theory,” Truman believed the Soviet and Communist activities in Greece would

lead other nations in the eastern Mediterranean to covert to Communism, followed by those in Western Europe, if unchecked.

What was the GI Bill?

It provided loans to veterans for education, job training, and the building of homes and businesses.

Who or what was MOST responsible for beginning the Cold War?

the efforts of the Soviets, led by Josef Stalin, to expand Soviet influence

When confronted with strikes in the coal and railroad industries in 1946, President Truman’s response was to

temporarily take federal control of those industries.

In June of 1950, North Korea attacked South Korea. How did the international community respond to the invasion?

Working with Truman, the United Nations authorized military intervention against the aggressors.

Truman viewed the results of the 1948 election as a mandate for

expanded social welfare programs.

Whose support did Truman lose because of postwar policies intended to control prices and wages?

unionists

Which of the following differentiated the postwar era of World War II from earlier periods of prosperity?

a consumer culture in which a large number of people participated

What did the Civil Rights Act of 1957 establish?

It created the Civil Rights Commission, which was in charge of preventing possible interference with the right to vote.

What was the main purpose of the GI Bill?

to prevent widespread unemployment

Senator Joseph McCarthy’s power began to unravel when he made reckless charges about Communist influence in which organization?

the U.S. Army

What trend did home ownership tend to follow between 1945 and 1960?

It significantly increased.

Why did the Supreme Court rule to end the “separate but equal” doctrine?

The court believed that segregation was causing Black children to feel inferior, even when the law considered them equal in quality.

Why did Eisenhower and Dulles decide to secretly stage a military coup and depose democratically elected president of Guatemala, Jacobo Arbenz Guzman?

because they believed that Guatemala was aligning with the Soviet Union

Which of the following was a consequence of the Korean War?

The United States assumed the role of a global police officer.

Which of the following was a consequence of the Montgomery bus boycott?

It showed that well-coordinated, nonviolent Black activism could cause major changes.

What did the Civil Rights Act of 1957 establish?

It created the Civil Rights Commission, which was in charge of preventing possible interference with the right to vote.

Ending the war in Korea was one of President Eisenhower's priorities. How did the conflict end?

with a cease-fire agreement

Why did the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) work to replace the leaders of Guatemala and Iran in the 1950s?

Both countries had government regimes that were viewed as “unfriendly” and susceptible to joining the Soviet bloc.

John Foster Dulles’s policy of “roll back” involved

“liberating” people under Communist rule rather than just containing its expansion.

To which Empire did Indochina belong when the Indochina War started?

French

Which is true of the Supreme Court’s decision in the case Brown v. Board of Education?

It struck down “separate but equal” in public education.