Nucleic Acids, Nucleosides, and Nucleotides

Vocabulary flashcards covering RNA/DNA bases, nucleosides, nucleotides, dinucleotides, and Watson-Crick pairing from the lecture notes.

Adenine

A nitrogenous base present in nucleic acids.

Guanine

A nitrogenous base present in nucleic acids.

Cytosine

A nitrogenous base present in nucleic acids.

Thymine

A nitrogenous base found in DNA only.

Uracil

A nitrogenous base found in RNA only.

Adenosine (A)

An RNA nucleoside composed of adenine and a ribose sugar.

Guanosine (G)

An RNA nucleoside composed of guanine and a ribose sugar.

Cytidine (C)

An RNA nucleoside composed of cytosine and a ribose sugar.

Uridine (U)

An RNA nucleoside composed of uracil and a ribose sugar.

Adenosine 5'-monophosphate (AMP)

An RNA nucleotide containing adenosine with a phosphate group at the 5' position.

Guanosine 5'-monophosphate (GMP)

An RNA nucleotide containing guanosine with a phosphate group at the 5' position.

Cytidine 5'-monophosphate (CMP)

An RNA nucleotide containing cytidine with a phosphate group at the 5' position.

Uridine 5'-monophosphate (UMP)

An RNA nucleotide containing uridine with a phosphate group at the 5' position.

Deoxyadenosine (dA)

A DNA nucleoside composed of adenine and a deoxyribose sugar.

Deoxyguanosine (dG)

A DNA nucleoside composed of guanine and a deoxyribose sugar.

Deoxycytidine (dC)

A DNA nucleoside composed of cytosine and a deoxyribose sugar.

Deoxythymidine (dT)

A DNA nucleoside also known as Thymidine, composed of thymine and a deoxyribose sugar.

Deoxyadensine 5'-monophosphate (dAMP)

A DNA nucleotide composed of deoxyadenosine with a phosphate group attached at the 5' position.

Deoxyguanosine 5'-monophosphate (dGMP)

A DNA nucleotide composed of deoxyguanosine with a phosphate group attached at the 5' position.

Deoxycytidine 5'-monophosphate (dCMP)

A DNA nucleotide composed of deoxycytidine with a phosphate group attached at the 5' position.

Deoxythymidine 5'-monophosphate (dTMP)

A DNA nucleotide composed of deoxythymidine with a phosphate group attached at the 5' position.

adenosine 2',3'-cyclic monophosphate (2',3'-cAMP)

A cyclic monophosphate derivative of adenosine.

Watson-Crick pairing

Base pairing mechanism where adenine pairs with thymine ($A=T$) and guanine pairs with cytosine ($G \equiv C$).

5'-dAdG-3'

A DNA dinucleotide sequence oriented from the 5' end to the 3' end containing deoxyadenosine and deoxyguanosine.

5'-CU-3'

An RNA dinucleotide sequence oriented from the 5' end to the 3' end containing cytidine and uridine.