MICROBIO470 Unit 2 Terms

rntps

• subunits of RNA composition

• use ATP

rna structure

• synthesized 5’→ 3’

• primary structure= single strand

• secondary structure= base-pairing with itself

• tertiary structure= 3D conformation

mrna

• Type of RNA that encodes proteins

trna

• Type of RNA that brings amino acids to the ribosome during translation

• Makes up most of the RNA in the cell

rrna

• Type of RNA that makes up ribosomes along with ribosomal proteins

• Makes up most of the RNA in the cell

rpo genes

• Genes that encode RNA polymerase in bacteria

• Only one polymerase is used for bacterial transcription

rna pol

• 5’→ 3’ polymerase

• rNTP substrates

• Makes its own primer + can start transcription right away

• Processive

sigma factor

• Component that helps RNAP recognize consensus sequences -35 and -10

• Binds to the core to form the holoenzyme

coding strand

• Top strand of dsDNA sequence that the ribosome will read and transcribe to make an ssRNA strand

template strand

• Bottom strand of dsDNA sequence that RNAP uses to synthesize the coding strand 5’→ 3’

operon

• Genes that are co-transcribed on the same RNA strand

• Have one promoter and one terminator on each

polycistronic mrna

• mRNA that encodes multiple proteins

monocistronic mrna

• mRNA that encodes one protein