principal of segregation

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Last updated 3:19 AM on 9/21/26
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16 Terms

1
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gregor mendel

the father of genetics → studied pea plants (purebred vs hybrid)

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before mendel

too many variables in experiment → thought tall x short = medium

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monohybrid cross

homo dominant x homo recessive

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reciprocal cross

homo x hetero

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mendels conclusions

male and female parents contribute equally, inheritance is not blended

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mendels proposals

  • dominant vs recessive traits

  • theory of particulate inheritance


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theory of particulate inheritance

traits determined by discreet units that are inherited from one generation to the next

  • each parent has 2 alleles for each gene → pass one to child

    • progeny gets 1 from each parent so they have 2 alleles in the end


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back cross

cross progeny with parent generation

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mendels first law

principal of segregation

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principal of segregation

alleles separate into gametes → progeny gets one from each parent

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chromosome

where genes reside

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homologs

copies of the same chromosome - not identical because they could have different alleles

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locus/loci

location of a gene on a chromosome

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homozygote

2 of the same alleles

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heterozygote

2 different alleles

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test cross

to determine the genotype of an unknown parent