Farming Methods & Improving Food Production

Why do farmers use fertilisers?

To replace mineral ions needed for plant growth.

Why do farmers use pesticides?

To reduce damage caused by pests.

What is biological control?

Using living organisms to reduce pest populations.

Give an example of biological control.

Introducing ladybirds to reduce aphid populations.

What is one advantage of biological control?

It may reduce the need for chemical pesticides.

What is one disadvantage of biological control?

Introduced organisms may affect non-target species or become invasive.

What is intensive farming?

Farming that aims to maximise production from available land or animals.

How can temperature control increase crop yield?

It maintains suitable conditions for photosynthesis and growth.

How can light control increase crop yield?

Additional light can increase photosynthesis when light is limiting.

How can carbon dioxide enrichment increase crop yield?

It can increase photosynthesis when carbon dioxide is limiting.

Why are greenhouses useful?

They allow farmers to control environmental conditions and extend growing seasons.

What is hydroponics?

Growing plants in nutrient solutions without soil.

Why can hydroponics improve production?

It allows precise control of water and mineral ion availability.

What is one disadvantage of hydroponics?

It may require expensive equipment and careful monitoring.

Why might farmers use selective breeding?

To produce organisms with higher yields or desirable characteristics.

How can genetic engineering improve food production?

It can introduce genes for pest resistance or other useful traits.

Why can intensive farming cause environmental problems?

It may increase pollution, resource use and habitat damage.

Why is there often a trade-off between high yields and sustainability?

Methods that maximise production may consume more resources or harm ecosystems.

How can sustainable farming protect ecosystems?

It aims to maintain soil health, reduce pollution and preserve biodiversity.