ento lab quiz 3

Anisoptera

dragonflies

Aeshnidae

darners

Aeshnidae traits

- antenodal cross veins do not match

- triangles in both wings same size and shape

- brace veins present

- compound eyes meet on dorsal side of head

Gomphidae

clubtails

Gomphidae traits

- most characters similar to Aeshnidae

- compound eyes do not meet on dorsal side of head

- terminal abdominal segments often swollen

Libellulidae

common skimmers

Libellulidae traits

- antenodal cross veins match

- triangles of forewings and hindwings are different size and shape

- brace veins absent

Zygoptera

damselflies

Calopterygidae

broad-winged damselflies

Calopterygidae traits

- wings gradually narrowed at base

- 10 or more antenodal cross veins

Lestidae

spread-winged damselflies

Lestidae traits

- wings stalked at base

- 2 antenodal cross veins

- M3 arises closer to arculus than to nodus

Coenagrionidae

narrow-winged damselflies

Coenagrionidae traits

- wings stalked at base

- 2 antenodal cross veins

- M3 arises behind nodus

Tridactylidae

pygmy mole crickets

Tridactylidae traits

- 10mm long or less

- front tibiae enlarged for digging

- front and middle tarsi 2-segmented; hind tarsi 1-segmented or lacking

Tetrigidae

pygmy grasshoppers

Tetrigidae traits

- pornotum extending back over abdomen

- front and middle tarsi 2- segmented; hind tarsi 3-segmented

Acrididae

short-horned grasshoppers

Acrididae traits

- pronotum not extending back over abdomen

- all tarsi 3-segmented

- tympana located on side of the 1st abdominal segment

Tettigoniidae

long-horned grasshoppers

Tettigoniidae traits

- long filiform antennae

- usually large, green

- tarsi 4-segmented

- ovipositor sword-shaped

- tympana, if present, on front tibiae

Rhaphidophoridae

camel crickets, cave crickets

Rhaphidophoridae traits

- usually wingless, gray or brown

- humpbacked

- tympana generally lacking

- femur extends past the abdomen

Gryllacrididae

leaf-rolling/raspy crickets

Gryllacrididae traits

- humpbacked

- wingless

- legs long and slender

- tarsi 3- or 4-segmented

- femur does not extend past abdomen

Gryllidae

crickets

Gryllidae traits

- slightly flattened body

- tarsi 3-segmented

- ovipositor usually long, cylindrical or needle-like

- antennae long, filiform

- front wings bent down sharply at sides of body

- tympana on front tibiae

Gryllotalpidae

mole crickets

Gryllotalpidae traits

- front legs very broad and spade-like (fossorial)

- body brow, very pubescent

- tympana on front tibiae

Stenopelmatidae

Jerusalem crickets

Stenopelmatidae traits

- 20-50 mm

- Large and robust head and abdomen

Ectobiidae

german and brown banded roaches

Ectobiidae traits

- body small, usually fewer than 18mm (5/8”)

Blattidae

american and oriental roaches

Blattidae traits

- body large, usually more than 18mm (5/8”)

Cryptocercidae

brown-hooded roaches

Cryptocercidae traits

- wingless

- 23-29 mm

- reddish-brown

Termitoidae

termites

Rhinotermitidae

subterranean termites

Rhinotermitidae traits

- head longer than broad

Kalotermitidae

drywood termites

Kalotermitidae traits

- head short

Diaperomeridae traits

- tarsi 5-segmented

- wings absent

- first abdominal tergum much shorter than metanotum

- vertex without spines

Forficulidae traits

In the 3 tarsal segments, the 2nd tarsomere extends under the

outermost one and is wider

Mantispidae

mantisflies

Mantispidae traits

- elongate prothorax

- raptorial front legs

Chrysopidae

green lacewings

Chrysopidae traits

- greenish or pale wings and body

- costal cross veins simple, not forked

Hemerobiidae

brown lacewings

Hemerobiidae traits

- brownish wings and body, but similar to chrysopids

- some costal cross veins are forked

Myrmeleontidae

antlions

Myrmeleontidae traits

- clubbed antennae, only about as long as head and thorax combined

- very slender abdomen

Corydalidae

dobsonflies, fishflies

Corydalidae traits

- ocelli present

- large body (usually >25mm)

Sialidae

alderflies

Sialidae traits

- ocelli absent

- medium-size body (usually <25mm)

Adephaga

- 1st visible abdominal sternum divided by hind coxae

Carabidae

ground beetles, tiger beetles

Carabidae traits

- body shape variable, often black but sometimes brightly colored

- antennae threadlike

- legs usually long and slender

- mandibles usually prominent

Dystiscidae

predacious diving beetles

Dystiscidae traits

- body shape streamlined, elongated-oval, convex

- antennae threadlike

- hind legs flattened and fringed to form oars

Gyrinidae

whirligig beetles

Gyrinidae traits

- 2 pairs of compound eyes

- body elongate-oval, convex

Polyphaga

1st visible abdominal sternum not divided, posterior margin

uninterrupted

Hydrophilidae

water scavenger beetles

Hydrophilidae traits

- body streamlined, elongate-oval, convex dorsally

- maxillary palps usually longer than clubbed antennae

- metasternum often prolonged posteriorly as a spine (keel)

Silphidae

carrion beetles

silphidae traits

- body black, often with yellow or red markings

- front wings either a) broad posteriorly, loosely covering abdomen,

or

b) short, exposing 1-3 abdominal segments

- clubbed antennae

Staphylinidae

rove beetles

Staphylinidae traits

- body slender and elongate

- very short elytra, exposing 3-6 abdominal segments

Cantharidae

soldier beetles

Cantharidae traits

- body elongate, soft

- head seen easily from above

- body usually black or brown, with yellow or orange parts

Lampyridae

fireflies

lampyridae traits

- body elongate and soft

- head hidden from above by pronotum

- end of abdomen often yellow or yellowish-green

Dermestidae

skin beetles

Dermestidae traits

body small, oval or elongate to broadly oval

- body often covered in scales or setae, forming pattern

- antennae short and clubbed, fitting in grooves below pronotum

Elateridae

click beetles

Elateridae traist

- body elongate, rounded at each end

- posterior corners of pronotum form points or spines

- prosternum prolonged posteriorly, fitting into groove

Buprestidae

metalic wood-boring beetles

buprestidae traits

- body hard, usually bullet-shaped or arrow-head shaped

- body color usually metallic, especially ventral surface and tergites

of abdomen

Nitidulidae

sap beetles

Nitidulidae traits

- body small; elongate or oval

- antennae with 3-segmented club

- some with short elytra, exposing abdominal tergites

- posterior edge of pronotum parallel to front of elytra

Coccinellidae

ladybugs

Coccinellidae traits

- body oval, strongly convex dorsally, nearly flat ventrally

- body usually with bold markings of black and red, orange, or yellow

- head partly or completely concealed from above by pronotum

- tarsi apparently 3-3-3-segmented (actually 4-4-4)

Tenebrionidae

darkling beetles

Tenebrionidae traits

- body usually black

- eyes usually notched

- tarsi 5-5-4-segmented

Lucanidae

stag beetles

Lucanidae traits

- antennae elbowed, capitate; short-lamellate

- male often with very large mandibles and wide head

Scarabaeidae

scarab beetles

Scarabaeidae traits

- body robust, oval to elongate

- antennae capitate: long-lamellate, last 3 segments expanded into plates

- tarsi 5-segmented

Cerambycidae

longhorned beetles

Cerambycidae traits

- body typically elongate, medium to large size

- antennae usually long, inserted into frontal prominences

- eyes often notched

- tarsi apparently 4-4-4-segmented (actually 5-5-5)

Chrysomelidae

leaf beetles

Chrysomelidae traits

- body usually oval, medium to very small

- antennae relatively short, usually less than half as long as body, not on frontal prominences

- tarsi apparently 4-4-4-segmented (actually 5-5-5)

Curculionidae

weevils

Curculionidae traits

- head often prolonged anteriorly to form snout, or deflexed downward in bark beetles

- antennae arise near middle of snout, usually elbowed; clubbed in bark beetles

- tarsi apparently 4-4-4 segmented (actually 5-5-5)

Heteroptera

- piercing-sucking mouthparts arising from front part of head

(prognathous), base usually not touching anterior coxae; beak usually

1, 3, or 4 segmented

- fore wings usually with basal half thickened; distal half membranous; at

rest both wing pairs folded flat over abdomen, with membranous

portions overlapping; some species with rudimentary wings or wingless

- tarsi 1-3 segmented

- body size large, medium, or small

Gelastocoridae

toad bugs

Gelastocoridae traits

- toad-shaped, with strongly protuberant eyes

- ocelli present on adult