SCI Prognostic Factors Practice Flashcards

A set of vocabulary flashcards covering muscle innervation, functional outcomes by spinal level, and prognostic factors for ambulation post-SCI based on the provided lecture notes.

High Tetra (C1-C4) Musculature

Innervated by facial muscles, partial scalenes ($C3-C8$), levator scapulae, SCM, trapezius, and partial diaphragm ($C3-C5$).

C5 Musculature

Includes partial rhomboids ($C5-C6$), partial pec major ($C5-C7$), partial teres minor ($C5-C6$), partial deltoid ($C5-C6$), and partial elbow flexors ($C5-C6$).

C6 Musculature

Includes partial latissimus dorsi ($C6-C8$), partial extensor carpi radialis ($C6-C7$), and partial serratus anterior ($C6-C8$).

Tenodesis Grip

A functional hand grip utilized by patients with a C6 level of injury, facilitated by the partial innervation of the extensor carpi radialis ($C6-C7$).

C7-C8 Musculature

Innervated by flexor carpi radialis, extensor digitorum, triceps, and partial hand muscles including flexor digitorum ($C8-T1$), lumbricals ($C8-T1$), and interossei ($C8-T1$).

Paraplegia LE Innervation

Includes hip flexors ($L1-L4$), quads ($L2-L4$), hamstrings ($L4-S2$), ant. Tib ($L4-L5$), EHL ($L5-S2$), glute med ($L4-S1$), glute max ($L5-S1$), and gastroc ($S1-S2$).

C6 Transfers

Requires $Min - Mod(A)$ for most level surfaces, $mod-max(A)$ for car transfers, and $max(A)-dep$ for floor transfers.

C7-C8 Transfers

$Mod(I)$ for most level surfaces; may need $Min(A)$ for wheelchair loading in a car and $mod-max(A)$ for floor transfers.

C6 Taking Away (Functional Outcomes)

Considered the most variable level; patients lack finger intrinsics but may use a manual w/c and can drive with hand controls.

Complete Paraplegia Ambulation Rate

Approximately $5\%$ by one year post-injury.

Incomplete Paraplegia Ambulation Rate

Approximately $76\%$ by one year post-injury.

Incomplete Quadriplegia Ambulation Rate

Approximately $46\%$ by one year post-injury.

Central Cord Syndrome Ambulation Rate

Approximately $77\%$ recovery rate.

Anterior Cord Syndrome Ambulation Prognosis

Considered a poor prognosis for walking according to the lecture notes.

Posterior Cord Syndrome Ambulation Prognosis

Functional ambulation is unlikely due to the loss of sensation and proprioception.

Cauda Equina/Conus Medullaris Syndrome Ambulation Prognosis

Standard recovery outlook is that some form of ambulation is likely.

Quadriceps Strength Prognostic Factor

Strength documented as $> 3/5$ on at least one side within 2 months post-injury is a positive factor for walking.

Pin Prick Sensation Prognostic Factor

Sensation spared at $S4/S5$ one week post-injury is a positive prognostic factor for ambulation.

Age Prognostic Factor

Being age $< 50$ at the time of injury is a positive prognostic factor for walking.

ISNCSCI LE MMT Prognostic Factor

An AIS C or D injury classification with LE MMT scores of $\geq 30/50$ is a positive indicator for walking.