anatomy 1 study points

Which system has primary control over the amount of water in the body?

Urinary system

The sum of all chemical reactions in an organism is known as what?

Metabolism

What is an example of a normal physiological process that uses a positive feedback loop?

Childbirth

What is the state of dynamic equilibrium in which physiological conditions fluctuate around a set point within a normal range?

Homeostasis

What is the function of the endocrine system?

Responsible for producing hormones

Which body system produces movement?

Muscular system

Which system picks up fluid leaked from blood vessels and returns it to the blood?

Lymphatic system

What is an example of a positive feedback mechanism?

A blood clot forming after a cut

Which two organ systems bear the major responsibility for ensuring homeostasis of the internal environment?

Nervous and endocrine systems

5K world record running times are slower with each increasing age group. This is the result of what?

Homeostatic imbalance CHECK THIS ONE

The growth of cells and repair of worn-out tissues is accomplished by what type of reactions?

Synthesis reactions

What type of molecule must be added to each bond to break a disaccharide down into a simple sugar unit?

Water

Which polysaccharide is formed of linked glucose molecules and stored in animal tissues?

Glycogen

Which statement about RNA is true?

RNA is single stranded.

Which statement about ATP is false?

Its energy is captured in high-energy hydrogen bonds.

A phosphate group, a five-carbon sugar, and a nitrogen-containing base compose what molecule?

Nucleotide

Which type of macromolecule is an enzyme?

Protein

Why is ATP categorized as a nucleic acid in this question?

ATP is a modified nucleotide with three phosphate groups, ribose, and adenine.

Which statement does NOT characterize proteins?

They appear to be the molecular carriers of coded hereditary information.

Fruit is a form of which kind of energy?

Potential chemical energy

Why does body temperature rise during physical activity?

Because of the inefficient conversion of chemical energy to mechanical energy.

True or False: Body temperature rises during physical activity because of the inefficient conversion of chemical energy to mechanical energy.

True

Which element makes up a large portion of our bodies, among the choices given?

Nitrogen

Which macronutrient has the most varied functions?

Proteins

The stringy connective tissue seen when pulling meat apart is most likely made up of what?

Fibrous proteins

Which organelle is found in high amounts in liver cells and aids in detoxifying harmful chemicals and metabolizing drugs?

Peroxisomes

True or False: Carrier-mediated facilitated diffusion of amino acids requires energy to carry amino acids across the plasma membrane.

False

Does facilitated diffusion require cellular energy?

No. Facilitated diffusion is passive.

Pedialyte is isotonic; water is what?

Hypotonic

Transcription involves copying DNA into what?

mRNA

Which connective tissue supports and protects, and stores calcium?

Bone

True or False: The role of brown fat is to warm the body, whereas the role of white fat is to store nutrients.

True

What tissue has lacunae, calcium salts, and blood vessels?

Bone (osseous tissue)

What is the primary blast cell for connective tissue proper?

Fibroblast

What modification of simple columnar epithelium allows for efficient absorption along portions of the digestive tract?

Dense microvilli

A ciliated version of pseudostratified columnar epithelium containing mucus-secreting goblet cells is found where?

Lines most of the respiratory tract

Which epithelium forms the walls of the air sacs across which gas exchange occurs in the lungs?

Simple squamous epithelium

What statement best describes connective tissue?

It usually contains a large amount of matrix.

What is connective tissue extracellular matrix composed of?

Fibers and ground substance

A substance received or given off by your body will likely pass through which tissue type?

Epithelial tissue

What kind of connective tissue contains elastic fibers and chondrocytes?

Elastic cartilage

What is the main function of ribosomes?

Make proteins.

What does negative feedback do?

Tries to return the body back to normal.

What does positive feedback do?

Moves the body farther away from the normal state by increasing the response.

What are two examples of positive feedback?

Childbirth and blood clotting.

How is blood clotting an example of positive feedback?

Platelets attract more platelets, causing more and more platelets to accumulate until the clot forms.

What is the main difference between cilia and microvilli?

Cilia move substances across the cell surface; microvilli increase surface area for absorption.

What is the function of cilia?

Move substances across the cell surface.

What is the function of microvilli?

Increase surface area for absorption.

What cells are found in white adipose tissue?

Adipocytes.

What do blast cells do?

Actively secrete extracellular matrix.

What do cyte cells do?

They are mature cells surrounded by the matrix and maintain the extracellular matrix.

What is the difference between blast cells and cyte cells?

Blast cells secrete extracellular matrix; cyte cells are mature cells that maintain the matrix.

Do I need to study blood from the last connective tissue PowerPoint?

No. Blood is the odd one out and is not being tested in reference to that PowerPoint.