PNS/BAFS 330:2022

Component mounted on and revolving with the crankshaft; uses inertia to maintain uniform motion and resist sudden speed changes.

Flywheel

Device or structure that prevents contact with moving parts by a person or clothing.

Guard

Protects the operator from dangerous machine parts; detachable or movable for maintenance.

Shield/Cover

Prevents contact with dangerous parts from all sides; generally permanent and an integral part of the machinery.

Casing

Covers or surrounds machinery to maintain a safety distance and prevent inadvertent access.

Enclosure

Opening characterized by the diameter of its largest inscribed circle relative to its farthest-apart apexes.

Polygonal opening

Shafts, pulleys, flywheels, gears, sprockets, and fan blades.

Rotating parts

Belts, chains, cables, clutches, and couplings.

Transmission parts

Places where body parts can become trapped or cut.

Pinching/shearing points

Hot parts, pressurized components, protruding grease fittings/oil caps, ground wheels/tracks, and implements.

Other hazards

Must withstand loads without cracking, tearing, or permanent deformation.

Strength

Must be securely fastened using threaded fasteners, split pins, or similar means.

Attachment

Must be weather-resistant and withstand extreme temperatures appropriate to its intended use.

Material

Must not have sharp edges.

Edges

Must allow convenient operation and servicing.

Maintenance

Should be easily removable but remain attached through hinges, slides, linkages, or similar devices.

Removal

Dangerous parts should automatically stop when the guard is opened, where required.

Interlocking safety

Should be rigid, welded or bolted, and must not deform enough to create unsafe openings.

Mesh/grill

At least 2,500 mm

Upward reach above operator

1,000 mm

Minimum height of barrier

Does not increase reach protection.

Barrier height below 1,000 mm

More than 120 mm

Fingertip to finger base

More than 230 mm

Fingertip to wrist

More than 600 mm

Fingertip to elbow

More than 850 mm

Fingertip to shoulder

25 mm

Finger

100 mm

Hand, wrist, fist

120 mm

Arm

120 mm

Foot

180 mm

Leg

500 mm

Body

Permissible Noise Level Exposure for 90 dB(A)

8 hours

Permissible Noise Level Exposure for 92 dB(A)

6 hours

Permissible Noise Level Exposure for 95 dB(A)

4 hours

Permissible Noise Level Exposure for 97 dB(A)

3 hours

Permissible Noise Level Exposure for 100 dB(A)

2 hours

Permissible Noise Level Exposure for 102 dB(A)

1.5 hours

Permissible Noise Level Exposure for 105 dB(A)

1 hour

Permissible Noise Level Exposure for 110 dB(A)

0.5 hour

Permissible Noise Level Exposure for 115 dB(A)

0.25 hour

Required where access is needed for operation, service, or maintenance above ground level.

Handholds and steps

Must have non-slip surfaces and vertical retainers on both sides.

Steps

Must be level, non-slip, and provided with drainage if necessary.

Operating platform

At least 75 mm high; fitted at the platform edge or not more than 50 mm away.

Toe-board / foot-guard

1,000–1,100 mm above platform.

Guardrail height

Vertical distance between any two rails must not exceed 500 mm.

Intermediate rails

At least 10 mm.

Rail diameter

Required when the operator must sit; must follow ergonomic principles.

Seat

Required on mobile machinery for the operator/driver.

Seatbelt

Functions must be marked on or near the controls.

Controls

Must be appropriately sized and have non-slip surfaces.

Pedals

Convenient to the operator's left foot; push pedal forward to disengage.

Foot-operated clutch

PTO disengages on the second stage.

Combined traction-drive/PTO clutch

Move control rearward to disengage.

Hand-operated clutch

Must immediately stop the power source.

Power source stopping device

Must not require sustained manual effort.

Stop control

Power source cannot restart until the stop device is manually reset.

Restarting

Accessible from normal operating position or near the power source.

Stop control location

RED, preferably contrasting with the background.

Stop control color

Must clearly indicate when engaged and prevent inadvertent actuation.

Differential lock

ISO 6489-1

Hitch hook

ISO 5692

Drawbar eye / hitch ring

Longitudinal mid-plane of the machinery.

Drawbar location

Prevents disconnected machinery from tilting or falling.

Stand support

Stand must support hitch point 150 mm above ground level.

Mechanically picked-up drawbar

Protects the sides of the PTO.

PTO guard

Additional cover required when PTO is not in use.

Tractor PTO cover

Must completely enclose the power intake connection and overlap the PTO drive-shaft casing.

PIC casing

Must protect the shaft throughout its entire length.

PTO drive-shaft casing

Firmly mounted and detachable only using tools.

PTO drive-shaft guard

Must be provided according to the applicable operator's manual standard.

Operating manual

Durable and attached to dangerous machine parts.

Warning notices

Tractors and other large vehicles must have triangular SMV notices or equivalent indications.

Slow-moving vehicles

Must prevent danger due to shifting center of gravity.

Machine stability

Raised parts must have independent and reliable support during servicing.

Hydraulic components

Directed away from the operator; muffler must always be attached during operation.

Exhaust pipe

Must have insulation/protection and heat-resistant warning signs.

Hot parts

Positioned to minimize exposure to fumes and electrolyte.

Battery

Trackers, GPS devices, and CCTV are examples of security devices.

Security