integrated organ system

sympathetic heart

NE at B1 to inc HR, conduction, contractility

parasympathetic heart

ACh at M2 to dec HR and AV conduction (SA/AV node, inc K)

sympathetic blood vessels

NE at a1 constriction; B2 dilation in selected beds; imp for sympathetic tone

sympathetic bronchi

NE B2 for bronchodilation (smooth muscle relax)

parasympathetic bronchi

ACh at M3 cause smooth muscle contraction

sympathetic eye

NE at a1 cause mydriasis (dilation) smooth muscle contract

parasympathetic eye

CN iii; M3 cause ciliary action for pupil constrict (miosis)

sympathetic GI

reduced motility

parasympathetic GI

ACh at M3 for inc motility/ secretion; vagal influence

sympathetic bladder

NE at B3 detrusor relaxation and a1 inc outlet contraction for storage

parasympathetic bladder

ACh at M3 to inc detrusor contraction for emptying

sympathetic glands

sweat glands: symp ACh→M3→inc sweating/ secretion

parasympathetic glands

para ACh→muscarinic→gland secretion

sympathetic adipose

NE at B3 for lipolysis

sympathetic kidney

NE at B1 inc renin from juxtaglomerular

a2 on presynaptic sympathetic terminals

inhibitory feedback; dec NE

a2 sympathetic pathway on CNS

dec sympathetic outflow

M3 on endothelial

NO can produce vasodilation; parasympathetic pathway

all autonomic preganglionic neurons

ACh at nicotinic receptors for depolarization

parasympathetic preganglionic

craniosacral, ACh NT to signal post

sympathetic preganglionic

thoracolumbar, ACh NT to signal post

adrenal medulla sympathetic (chromaffin)

ACh at Nn for catecholamine release→stress hormones

Gq receptors

a1, M1, M3, M5 (IP3/DAG/Ca)

Gi receptors

a2, M2, M4 (dec cAMP)

Gs receptors

B1, B2, B3 (inc cAMP)

parasympathetic enteric/gastric signaling

ACh at M1 for neural/enteric excitation

parsympathetic CNS and autonomic ganglia

ACh at M1 for inc neuronal excitation and M5 for central mod/cerebral vasodilation

parasympathetic inhibition of CNS

ACh at M4 for inhibitory neuromodulation

parasympathetic presynaptic sites

ACh at M4 for dec NT release

parasympathetic cerebral vascular endothelium

ACh at M5 for cerebral vasodilation

sympathetic b pancreatic cells

NE at a2 for dec insulin release