Global - Islamic World

Corroborate

Providing evidence and checking multiple sources

Bias

A preference for a certain group, idea, of person in a way that is unfair

Perspective

A certain way of thinking about/viewing a situation based on passed experiences, beliefs, or background

Sourcing

Tracking, evaluating, and crediting the origin of the information

Context

Environment or background that helps explain the word, statement, or event

Primary source

First hand source that provides evidence from the event or time of the event

Secondary source

Work that analyzes, interprets, evaluates, or summarizes the event

When a historian compares mutiple sources to confirm information, the historian is

corroborating

Founder of Islam

Muhammad

When was Islam founded?

610 C.E. in Mecca

The holy book of Islam

Qur’an

Place of worship

Mosque

Islam is _______, meaning Muslims believe in one god called Allah

monotheistic

Mecca

Muhammad’s original home city, holy city of Islam, birthplace of Islam

Medina

Where Muhammad ran to after threats and converted followers to Islam before returning

The Ka’aba

Stone building in holiest mosque in Mecca

Basic acts of worship and religious duties central to Islam

5 pillars of Islam

Shahada

The declaration of faith in oneness of God

Salat

Performing the five daily prayers facing Mecca

Zakat

Giving to support those in need

Sawm

Fasting during the holy month of Ramadam

Hajj

The pilgrimage to the sacred city of Mecca

Trade

People trading objects, ideas, and customs and connecting

Travel and migration

People moving/visiting countries or cities, sharing religious beliefs and practices

Conquest and warefar

People being forced to practice Islam

Muhammad’s death

632C.E in Mecca

Umayyad

Capital: Damascus ruled from 661 to 750 C.E created empire from Spain to India

Abbasid

Capital: Baghdad overthrew others in 750C.E ruled diverse empire and believed in scholarship, trade, and culture

House of Wisdom

Baghdad first library/school

Scholars studies/translated/developed knowledge from

Greeks, Persians, Indians, Christians, and Jews

Islamic Golden Age

760-1250C.E period of significant intellectual and cultural achievements

Mathmateical advancements

Invented algebra, added to trig, Hindu-Arabic Numeral system

Astronomy advancements

Books on precise mapping of stars and galaxy, advancements in astrolabe

Medicine advancements

Discovered that blood comes to and from heart, made medicine from herbs, separated pharmacy drugs and general medicine

Question asked after Muhammad’s death

Who will rule now?

Sunni Muslims believed who could rule?

Someone similar to Muhammad

Shia Muslims believed who could rule?

Family (Ali, cousin, son-in-law)

Shia and Sunni Muslims believe in which god, what holy book, and what practices?

Allah, Qur’an, and 5 pillars of Islam

What happened during the Hijrah?

Muhammad and his followers traveled back to Mecca from Medina

Why did Sunni and Shia Islam develope?

Different groups wanted different rulers after the death of the prophet Muhammad

What is cultural diffusion?

The spread of cultural idea, traditions, and customs

What event does Ashura commemorate in Shia Islam?

Hussein’s (Ali’s son) death in the battle of Karbala

Who are the important spiritual leaders in Shia tradition?

Imam

Who wrote the book of The Fixed Stars and when?

Al Sufi - 964

Important name in mathematical and astronomical advancements

Al-Battāní

Important books in literature advancements

The One Thousand and One Nights, Qur’an