Lifeguard Written Test

The primary responsibility of a lifeguard is to ensure _____________ _____________ and to

protect ____________________.

patron safety and protect lives

In what ways should a professional lifeguard be prepared for his or her job?

Knowledgeable and skilled , reliable, mature, courteous and consistent, positive, professional

What different environments employ lifeguards?

lakes, beaches, coves, pool clubs, community pools

The certificates you earn in this class will prepare you for working in which environment(s)?

*very environment that hires red cross certified lifeguards

List one decision that a lifeguard may have to make?

F.I.N.D

The FIND model stands for:

Figure out the problem, identify the possible solutions, name the pros and cons for each solution, decide which solutions is best

Duty to act _____

A legal responsibility to respond to an emergency while

on the job.

Standard of care

The benchmark by which the actions of a caregiver with

similar training and experience is measured.

Negligence _____

A failure to act or to use reasonable care that results in

injury or that causes further harm.

Good Samaritan laws _____

Statutes that generally provide legal protection to

people who willingly (without a duty to act) give

emergency care without being negligent or accepting

anything in return

Consent ______

Permission to provide care given by an injured adult or

the parent of an injured child to a rescuer or caregiver.

This permission is implied when the adult is

unresponsive or the child is unattended.

Refusal of care ______

An unwillingness to receive first aid or medical

treatment expressed by a victim (or the victim's parent

or guardian) who must give consent.

Abandonment ______

The failure to continue care once it has been initiated.

Confidentiality _____

The safeguarding of a victim's right to privacy as it

concerns his or her medical condition, etc.

Documentation _____

A form, like an accident report, that describes what was

seen, heard, and done during an emergency.

As you keep in mind the legal considerations explained in this chapter, read the following

scenario and answer the related questions: A female patron slips and falls on the deck. She hits

her head, and it is lightly bleeding. You ask for consent, but the patron refuses. She says she will

get dressed and go home.

a. What should you do?

A few minutes after the patron enters the locker room, another patron comes out and says the

woman is now unconscious in the locker room.

b. Should you help the patron now? Why or why not?

A- fill out a report and ask her to sign if not, write that down on the documentations.B- Then you would help her because she is unconscious it is called implied consent

What is the importance of the lifeguard team?

working together, following rules and regulations, acting fast when it comes to an emergency, and understanding how to wok like a team

The lifeguard team is part of a larger team - the _______________ ________________ team.

the lifeguard team and the safety team

how to prevent injuries

patron safety

risk management

identifying dangerous conditions/ behaviors that can cause injury and then taking steps to minimize them

preventive life guarding

most time will be spent on trying to make sure emergencies don't happen

what are some examples of life- threatening injures

submersion (nonfatal/drowning). injuries to the head, neck or back (spiral injuries), unconsciousness. breathing emergencies, cardiac emergencies, severe bleeding

what are the most two serious aquatic emergencies to prevent

drowning and head,neck and back injuries

Drowning

happens when a person suffocates in the water

How are patrons informed of a potential injury at an aquatic facility

Rules and regulations

Rules and regulations

Lifeguards need to understand the rules and regulations of the facility where they work, rules do not keep patron from having fun, but are for every ones health and safety

when are safety checks conducted

before opening the facility, during daily operations,at closing

what to do if you find an unsafe condition

correct it if possible before the facility opens, if you cannot correct the problem, tell the LG supervisor immediately

While you are conducting a safety check, you find a large crack on the pool deck near the deep end. you should-

close off the area and tell the lifeguard supervisor right away

Weather conditions

Lightning and thunderstorms happen more often in the summer.

what should lifeguards do in the event of a thunder and lightning

clear everyone from the water at the first sound of thunder or first sight of lighting.

Patron surveillance

a lifeguards primary responsibility is to ensure patron safety and protect lives.

what is the primary tool to accomplish that function is patron surveillance -

keeping a close watch over people in the facility, you will spend most of your time on patron surveillance, you must be alert and attentive at all times

what is the RID factor

most drownings at supervised swim areas happen when neither lifeguards nor patrons notice that a victim had slipped below the surface

RID stands for

Recognition Instructive Distraction

EAP(s)stands for

Emergency action plans

What are EAP(s)

detailed plans describing everyone's responsibilities in an emergency and should be in the facility policies and procedures manual

When should EAP be practiced

Regularly during orientation and in- service training sessions.

What are 4 signals that would help you recognize an emergency?

Unusual sighs, unusual odors, unusual behaviors, and unusual noises

If someone does not give consent, what do you do?

Call 9-1-1

What are situations in which you would call 9-1-1?

No signs of life, no breathing, unconsciousness, seizures, apparent poisoning, injured arm with bone showing through the skin, deep burn on face, trouble breathing, and severe bleeding that does not stop.

What are situations in which you would move a victim?

When the scene is unsafe, and when someone else is more injured and you need to get to that other person

What are ways you could minimize disease transmission?

Avoid touching, breathing, and biting the person

What are steps you would talk in checking a conscious person?

Check the scene, obtain consent, call 911, as the person what's their name, what happened, any allergies, where is the pain, any medical conditions, and is there any medications they take?

What would you do if someone was in shock?

Call 911, have the person lie down, and control and external bleeding

What is the best way to check to see if a person is unconscious?

Ask them, "Are you okay, are you okay?"

What is the most important step to take in an emergency situation?

Call 911

What are the signs of troubled breathing?

Slow or rapid breathing,, usually deep or shallow breathing, gasping for breath, unusually moist or cool skin, shortness of breath, dizziness or lightheadedness, and apprehensive or fearful feelings.

What care should you give to a conscious adult who is choking and cannot cough, speak, or breathe?

Abdominal back thrusts and back blows

How long do you check for signs of life?

10 seconds

How long should one rescue breathe be?

1 second

What are the signs of a heart attack?

Trouble breathing, chest pain, loss of consciousness, discomfort, and nausea

How many cycles of CPR should be preformed in 2 minutes on an adult?

5 cycles

What is one cycle of compressions and breaths in CPR for an adult?

30 compressions, 2 rescue breaths

Why is early CPR an important link in the cardiac chain of survival?

It helps circulate blood that contains oxygen to the vital organs until an AED is ready to use or emergency medical personnel arrives.

Why should you stop giving CPR?

If the scene becomes unsafe, you find a sign of life, AED is ready to use, you are too exhausted to continue, or another trained responder takes over.

What are the steps in treating a burn?

Check the scene for safety, stop the burning by removing the person from the source of the burn, check for life threatening conditions, cool the burn with large amounts of cold running water, cover the burn loosely, with a sterile dressing, prevent infection, take steps to minimize shock, keep the person from getting chilled or overheated, comfort and reassure the person.

How should a splint be applied?

Around the injury, top and bottom, check for skin discoloration and circulation

How do you care for a person who is having a seizure?

You call 911 and try to calm them down

What is a stroke?

Blood clot to the brain

What is a diabetic emergency?

When diabetics have too much sugar or don't have enough and need sugar.

What is a open fracture?

Bone sticking out of skin

What do you do for someone suffering from heat exhaustion?

Give them cool water, elevate them, call 911, take off their clothes, and get a fan on them.

What are the stages of heat exhaustion from least to most severe?

Cramps, exhaustion, and heat stroke

How should you care for someone with frostbite?

Keep the blood flowing, get cold wet clothes, anything wet off of them.

What are the steps in caring for a bleeding wound?

Apply pressure, wrap around the wound

What are the signs for internal bleeding?

Can taste iron, red / blue skin, tender, swollen or bruised skin, vomiting, or coughing blood.

What does FAST stand for?

Face, arm, speech, and time.

What do you do when someone who is allergic is stung by a bee?

Call 911

If you suspect that a conscious person has been poisoned who do you call?

Poison control center

Characterisitcs of a Professional Lifeguard. Lifeguards must be...

knowledgable with appropriate skills, reliable, mature, couteous and consistent, positive, and professional.

How to stay healthy and fit.

exercise, eat and hydrate properly, rest adequately, use sun protection, and refrain from using alcohol and other drugs.

Overexposure to the sun can cause...

sunburn, skin cancer, dehydration, heat exaustion, and heat stroke.

Dehydration

When a person loses more fluids than he/she consumes.

Primary Responsibilities

Preventing injuries, enforcing rules, recognizing and responding quickly to emergencies, administering first aid and CPR, and informing others when help is needed.

Secondary Responsibilities

Filling out records and reports, maintenance, and inspecting the facility.

Job Description

Responsible for ensuring the safety of facility patrons by preventing and responding to emergencies.

FIND - F

Figure out the problem

FIND - I

Identify possible solutions

FIND - N

Name the pros and cons for each solution

FIND - D

Decide which solution is best

When is the FIND model used?

When making a desicion, but never in emergencies.

Duty to act

Your legal responsibility to do something in the case of an emergency

Standard of care

Communication to help prevent injuries, victim recognition, rescue attempts, and emergency care according to level of training.

Negligence

Failure in following standard of care by failing to provide care, providing too much care (outside of your scope of training), providing innapropriate care, or failing to prevent problems.

Good Samaritan Laws

Protection for people who help someone within their scope of training and w/o negligence while not being paid. Good people, do good things!

What are 4 signals that would help you recognize an emergency?

Unusual sighs, unusual odors, unusual behaviors, and unusual noises

If someone does not give consent, what do you do?

Call 9-1-1

What are situations in which you would call 9-1-1?

No signs of life, no breathing, unconsciousness, seizures, apparent poisoning, injured arm with bone showing through the skin, deep burn on face, trouble breathing, and severe bleeding that does not stop.

What are situations in which you would move a victim?

When the scene is unsafe, and when someone else is more injured and you need to get to that other person

What are ways you could minimize disease transmission?

Avoid touching, breathing, and biting the person

What are steps you would talk in checking a conscious person?

Check the scene, obtain consent, call 911, as the person what's their name, what happened, any allergies, where is the pain, any medical conditions, and is there any medications they take?

What would you do if someone was in shock?

Call 911, have the person lie down, and control and external bleeding

What is the best way to check to see if a person is unconscious?

Ask them, "Are you okay, are you okay?"

What is the most important step to take in an emergency situation?

Call 911

What are the signs of troubled breathing?

Slow or rapid breathing,, usually deep or shallow breathing, gasping for breath, unusually moist or cool skin, shortness of breath, dizziness or lightheadedness, and apprehensive or fearful feelings.

What care should you give to a conscious adult who is choking and cannot cough, speak, or breathe?

Abdominal back thrusts and back blows

What are the signs of a heart attack?

Trouble breathing, chest pain, loss of consciousness, discomfort, and nausea

Why is early CPR an important link in the cardiac chain of survival?

It helps circulate blood that contains oxygen to the vital organs until an AED is ready to use or emergency medical personnel arrives.

Why should you stop giving CPR?

If the scene becomes unsafe, you find a sign of life, AED is ready to use, you are too exhausted to continue, or another trained responder takes over.