anatomy 3 electric beegalee

TRH (Thyrotropin-releasing hormone)

Hypothalamic hormone that stimulates the secretion of TSH and can also stimulate prolactin release.

CRH (Corticotropin-releasing hormone)

Hypothalamic peptide that triggers the anterior pituitary to secrete ACTH.

GnRH (Gonadotropin-releasing hormone)

Hypothalamic factor that promotes the release of LH and FSH from gonadotropes.

GHRH (Growth hormone-releasing hormone)

Hypothalamic peptide that stimulates anterior pituitary somatotrophs to secrete growth hormone.

Somatostatin (hypothalamic action)

Inhibitory peptide that suppresses the release of growth hormone (GH) and TSH.

Dopamine (pituitary regulation)

Hypothalamic neurohormone that acts as a primary physiological inhibitor of prolactin release.

ADH (Antidiuretic hormone)

Peptide synthesized in the hypothalamus and stored in the posterior pituitary that promotes renal water reabsorption.

Oxytocin

Hypothalamic hormone stored in the posterior pituitary that stimulates uterine contractions and milk letdown.

ANP and BNP

Cardiac hormones that promote natriuresis and diuresis to decrease blood volume and systemic blood pressure.

Erythropoietin (EPO)

Glycoprotein produced primarily by the kidneys that stimulates red blood cell production in bone marrow.

Renin

Enzyme secreted by renal juxtaglomerular cells that initiates the RAAS cascade to support blood pressure regulation.

Calcitriol

Biologically active form of vitamin D synthesized by the kidneys that increases intestinal calcium and phosphate uptake.

Gastrin

Gastric hormone that promotes hydrochloric acid secretion by parietal cells.

Ghrelin

Peptide secreted primarily by the stomach that stimulates appetite and modulates growth hormone release.

Secretin

Duodenal hormone released in response to acidic chyme that stimulates pancreatic bicarbonate secretion.

Cholecystokinin (CCK)

Intestinal peptide that triggers pancreatic digestive enzyme secretion and gallbladder contraction.

GLP-1 and GIP

Incretin hormones that stimulate glucose-dependent insulin secretion; GLP-1 also delays gastric emptying and promotes satiety.

Angiotensinogen

Hepatic precursor protein that is cleaved by renin to form angiotensin I in the RAAS pathway.

Leptin

Adipokine that provides long-term feedback on energy reserves to suppress appetite.

FGF23 (Fibroblast growth factor 23)

Bone-derived hormone that regulates systemic phosphate balance and inhibits active vitamin D metabolism.

EGF (Epidermal growth factor)

Signaling protein that stimulates epithelial cell proliferation, differentiation, and tissue repair.

PDGF (Platelet-derived growth factor)

Mitogen that promotes connective tissue cell division and facilitates wound healing.

VEGF (Vascular endothelial growth factor)

Signal protein that stimulates angiogenesis and increases vascular permeability.

NGF (Nerve growth factor)

Neurotrophin that supports the growth, maintenance, and survival of targeted neuronal populations.

TGF-B

(Transforming growth factor beta)

Multifunctional cytokine that controls cell proliferation, immune responses, and extracellular matrix deposition.