Clinic 1

Unit 1 and 2 Review

Symbiosis

A biological interaction where 2 organisms are capable of living together

Bacteria

A single celled prokaryotic organisms that are capable of living INDEPENDENTLY (can be beneficial, harmful, or neutral to other organisms.)

Parasitism

A symbiotic relationship where one organism benefits and the other IS harmed

Viruses

Organisms that are composed of DNA or RNA surrounded by a protein coat

Fungi

Refers to the eukaryotic (containing a nucleus) microorganisms which include yeast and mold

Commensalism

A symbiotic relationship where one organism benefits and the other is left UNHARMED

Prion

A protein molecule of normal body protein that has changed its 3D configuration. Believed to cause diseases that DESTROY BRAIN TISSUE, giving it a spongy appearance

Normal Flora

Refers to a population of microorganisms that colonize the body WITHOUT causing disease

Spore forming bacteria

Refers to specialized bacteria that are capable of producing spores (or endospores) under adverse conditions

Colonization

The presence, growth and multiplication of microorganisms in or on a body with clinical manifestations or detectable immune response

Mutualism

A symbiotic relationship where both organisms BENEFIT

Local

A disease that is restricted to a single area of the body

Chronic

A disease that lingers for a long period of time, symptoms are SLOWER to develop, a climax in generally rarely reached and convalescence may continue for several months

Endemic

A disease that occurs at a low level in a certain geographical area; and is always present

Primary

A disease which occurs in a healthy body

Secondary

A disease the develops in a weakened individual (usually as a result of a primary disease)

Epidemic

A widespread disease breakout within a population

Pandemic

A disease that occurs worldwide often of epidemic proportions

Immunocompromised

An individual who is incapable of a normal immune response usually as a result of a disease, malnutrition, or immunosuppression

Immunosuppression

refers to a depression of the immune state (due to drug or chemical treatment used in the treatment of other disorder like cancer, AIDS or organ transplants)

local

A disease restricted to a single area of the body

Non-communicable

Diseases that are singular events where the agent is acquired directly from the environment'; not easily transmitted to another host

Communicable

Diseases which are transmitted among hosts, individual to individual with particular ease

Acute

A disease the develops rapidly and is accompanied by severe symptoms, climaxes and then quickly fades

Blood- borne transmission

A transfer of microbes into the blood stream via, inoculation injury or by sexual transmitted disease

Immunization

A process by which resistance to an infectious disease is induced or augmented

Indirect transmission

A transfer of microorganisms by way of contact with an intermediate contaminated object (instruments or environmental surfaces)

Immunity

Resistance to a specific disease

Antigen

Any substance inducing a specific immune response

Direct transmission

A transfer of microorganisms from one person to another

Droplet transmission

A transfer of microorganisms generated from the infected person and propelling them a short distance by coughing or sneezing (elis)

Antibodies

Substances responsible for immunity

Fecal/oral transmission

A transfer of microorganisms due to improper sanitation procedures

Airborne transmission

A transfer of microorganisms that can remain suspended in the air for long periods of time