geography: changing economic world

How do we classify countries?

• wealth (countries classes as a HIC/ NEE/ LIC)

• Development (progress of economic growth, use of technology, and improving welfare in a country)

Give some social indicators

• death rate

• Birth rate

• Literacy rate

• Life expectancy

• People per doctor

• Infant mortality rate

Give some economic indicators

• GNI (per capita)

How are single indicators of development limited?

• misleading as they are averages so variation doesn’t appear

• Social indicators are misleading as some develop before others

What is HDI (human development Index)?

A development indicator that combines life expectancy, education level and GNI per capita.

Shows a countries economic development and quality of life

Give some physical causes of uneven development

• landlocked

• Poor climate

• Poor farmland

• Climate related disease

• Few raw materials

• Natural disasters

• Landlocked

Give some economic causes of uneven development

• poor trade links

• Economy based on primary goods

• Debt

Give some historical causes of uneven development

• conflict

• Colonialism

Give some strategies to reduce the development gap

• fair trade

• Investment

• Intermediate technology

• Microfinance loans

• Aid

• Debt relief

• Industrialisation

• Tourism

Give some benefits of tourism in Kenya

• Tourism contributes to 4% of GDP

• 1.1 million people directly or indirectly employed by the tourism business

• Investment from government improves transport infrastructure → improving quality of life and bringing in more tourists

• 24 national parks → protects wildlife

Give some disadvantages of tourism in Kenya

• only small proportion of the money produced goes to locals → goes to HIC’s (money leakage)

• Masai tribes forced off land

• Unreliable, seasonal, poorly paid jobs

• Tourists litter and damage wildlife

• Poaching