THE HISTORY OF TEA

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Last updated 4:57 AM on 10/15/26
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42 Terms

1
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According to legend, the story of tea dates back to 2737 BC.

có niên đại từ năm 2737 trước Công nguyên

2
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The emperor decided to try the infusion that his servant had created.

nước ngâm/pha được người hầu tạo ra

3
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Shen Nung was a renowned herbalist in ancient China.

chuyên gia về thảo dược nổi tiếng

4
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Tea drinking became firmly established during the Tang Dynasty.

được xác lập vững chắc, trở nên phổ biến rộng rãi

5
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Tea became the national drink of China.

thức uống quốc gia của Trung Quốc

6
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Lu Yu wrote the first book entirely about tea.

hoàn toàn viết về trà

7
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Tea was introduced to Japan by Buddhist monks who had travelled to China to study.

đến Trung Quốc để học tập

8
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Tea received imperial sponsorship and spread throughout Japan.

sự bảo trợ của hoàng gia

9
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Tea spread from the royal court and monasteries to other sections of society.

các tầng lớp khác trong xã hội

10
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Europe was lagging behind China and Japan in tea drinking.

tụt hậu so với

11
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Portuguese traders and missionaries lived in the East in the latter half of the sixteenth century.

vào nửa sau thế kỷ XVI

12
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The Dutch were the first to ship tea as a commercial import.

vận chuyển trà như một mặt hàng nhập khẩu thương mại

13
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The Dutch began to encroach on Portuguese trading routes.

lấn vào các tuyến đường thương mại của người Bồ Đào Nha

14
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The first consignment of tea was shipped from China to Holland in 1606.

lô hàng trà đầu tiên

15
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Tea spread to other countries in continental western Europe.

khu vực Tây Âu lục địa

16
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Because of its high price, tea remained a drink for the wealthy.

giá cao

17
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The British East India Company had a monopoly on importing goods from outside Europe.

độc quyền nhập khẩu hàng hóa

18
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Tea was still something of a curiosity to many British people.

thứ gì đó khá mới lạ, gây tò mò

19
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Coffee houses were locations for the transaction of business.

việc giao dịch, tiến hành công việc kinh doanh

20
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Coffee houses were also places for relaxation or pleasure.

sự thư giãn hoặc giải trí

21
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Tea was the preserve of middle- and upper-class men in coffee houses.

đặc quyền/lĩnh vực chủ yếu của nam giới thuộc tầng lớp trung lưu và thượng lưu

22
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Tea was too expensive to be widespread among the working classes.

phổ biến trong tầng lớp lao động

23
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The high price was partly due to a punitive system of taxation.

hệ thống thuế mang tính trừng phạt

24
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Some traders tried to avoid taxation by smuggling tea.

trốn thuế

25
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The popularity of tea encouraged smuggling and adulteration.

nạn buôn lậu và pha trộn trà

26
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Criminal gangs developed an organised crime network.

mạng lưới tội phạm có tổ chức

27
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Smugglers imported tea in quantities that were far greater than expected.

lớn hơn nhiều so với dự kiến

28
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Smuggled tea was not quality controlled through customs and excise.

được kiểm soát chất lượng thông qua cơ quan hải quan và thuế tiêu thụ

29
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Other leaves were added to tea leaves to increase profits.

được thêm vào lá trà

30
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The government realised that heavy taxation was creating more problems than it was worth.

gây ra nhiều vấn đề hơn lợi ích mà nó mang lại

31
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The Prime Minister slashed the tax from 119 per cent to 12.5 per cent.

cắt giảm mạnh thuế từ 119% xuống 12,5%

32
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Legal tea suddenly became affordable to ordinary people.

có giá cả phải chăng đối với người dân bình thường

33
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Smuggling stopped virtually overnight after the tax reduction.

gần như chấm dứt chỉ sau một đêm

34
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The end of the company's monopoly stimulated the cultivation of tea in India.

thúc đẩy việc trồng trà ở Ấn Độ

35
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The company began growing tea outside China.

trồng trà bên ngoài Trung Quốc

36
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The earliest tea nursery was destroyed by cattle, causing a false start.

sự khởi đầu không thuận lợi

37
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Tea imports from India were greater than those from China by 1888.

lớn hơn lượng nhập khẩu từ Trung Quốc

38
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The end of the monopoly ushered in the era of tea clippers.

mở ra kỷ nguyên của những chiếc tàu buồm chở trà tốc độ cao

39
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Individual merchants raced to bring tea home and make a profit.

chạy đua đưa trà về nước

40
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The new clippers had sleek lines, tall masts and huge sails.

đường nét thuôn gọn, cột buồm cao và cánh buồm lớn

41
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British and American merchants competed in the famous clipper races.

những cuộc đua tàu buồm nổi tiếng

42
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The opening of the Suez Canal made the trade routes viable for steamships.

khả thi đối với tàu hơi nước