Physiology Final

While studying skeletal muscle arrangement during crossbridge cycling, Phellow Physer Libby Thompson correctly noted that ____ would remain a constant length while ______ shortens

Dark band - H zone

While doing bicep curls (hand to shoulder) with a friend at the RPAC, you correctly tell your friend that

Two different myofilaments called myosin and actin are present in this bicep muscle

Phys Phab Katie has control of the “Magic Shrink Ray”, switched the size setting to “protein” and finds herself next to a myofiber with H zones that are reducing in width. She correctly expects that when she shifts her focus she will see

M lines are getting closer to the actin

Phys Phab Kyle accidentally purchased a different laundry detergent than he has been using for years. Fortunately, he correctly knew that his ____ allowed him to recognize its lavender scent and his ____ prevented him from registering that new scent after just a short time

Orbitofrontal cortex - olfactory bulb

Each myofiber has _____ neuron(s) innervating it and each motor unit innervates ____ myofiber(s)

Only one - multiple

Which is a correct statement about the neuromuscular junction

A flexed crossbridge cannot move the actin towards the M line

Which is a correct statement about the neuromuscular junction?

Sodium moves through ligand-gated channels to enter the myofiber

Which is a correct statement about perception?

It is a consequence of the cerebral cortex

Yesterday, Phys Phab Julia enjoyed a triple chocolate, salted-caramel sundae. Relishing her physiology knowledge, she correctly noted that she was ingesting fats, salt and sweets. Consequently, she correctly stated that this sundae included

Three critical needs for her physiology

Years ago, Brutus Buckeye was adopted by a kitten that had been living at the Shoe. Visiting Brutus last weekend, you noticed a distinct “cat litter” smell in his house but Brutus was unaware of the odor. However, correctly knowing his physiology, he correctly stated that

His greatly reduced vomeronasal organ is not the cause of the difference

Because these two are _____, _____ are like ______.

Able to change in size - sarcomeres - light bands

Which is a correct pair with complete first one found entirely within the second one?

Both statements are correct

Dr. Scarlet’s Patient X has ingested a toxin that prevents the opening of ligand-gated channels in skeletal myofibers. Consequently, Dr. S correctly notes that Patient X will have

Action potentials occurring in the neuromuscular junction

Phellow Physer Carmen Oh is drinking a diet soda (ie. tastes sweet without sugar) but is unhappy about its “after taste”. Carmen correctly states that the taste could definitely be improved

Both statements are correct

Dr.Gray’s Patient Y has ingested a toxin that is an agonist for ATP. Dr. G correctly realizes that within Y’s skeletal muscles the toxin will

Neither statement is correct

Skeletal myofibers that are categorized as ____ have _____.

Slow-oxidative - lots of myoglobin

When skeletal myofiber is relaxing, calcium is ____ moved to a specific location via _____

Actively - transporters

Brutus Buckeye went on a backpack trip for Spring Break. Unfortunately, in his first packing attempt, he was unable to lift his backpack off the ground. While trying to lift this initial backpack, Brutus correctly knew that he was doing an ____ contraction and his functional units were _____.

Isometric - shortening

Dr. Scarlet’s Patient X was born with a genetic condition that inhibits skeletal muscle development by about 50%. Dr. S correctly expects that Patient X, when compared to a typical individual, _____ they do.

Does more eccentric contractions than

Which is a correct statement about calcium during the transition to complete relaxation?

Its movement requires our Critical Equation #1 to be run in the forward direction

Which is a correct statement about the initial source of ATP for skeletal muscle?

It produces fewer ATPs per starting compound than Krebs cycle

During relaxation of skeletal muscle, calcium is moved to the _____ and the _____ level in the cytosol is decreasing

Sarcoplasmic reticulum - ATP

Phys Phab Sophia has control of the “Magic Shrink Ray”, switched the size setting to “protein” and finds herself next to a skeletal myofiber in the leg of a world champion marathon runner. Consequently, she is not suprised when she observes that this myofiber (like the majority of its neighboring myofibers)

Has a lot of mitochondria

Which is a correct statement about a deltoid muscle (helps move the shoulder)?

Its sarcomeres shorten regardless of whether the contraction is isotonic, isometric, or eccentric

To move from unfused to fused tetanus, that muscle’s motor neuron will need to increase its

Action potential frequency

For the sources of ATP in skeletal myofibers, Phellow Physer Libby Thompson correctly stated that

Neither statement is correct

While doing her regular bicep curls (held weight up to shoulder then back down), Phys Phab Lauren correctly stated that this process involves

Both statements are correct

When considering the process of lifting a light and heavier weight

The response might be the same for both weights

Dr. Gray’s Patient Y broke their right tibia (large lower leg bone) over the weekend. Dr. G correctly explained that, even with only bone damage having occurred, the immobilization of their lower leg for the next few weeks will cause

Neither statement is correct

While in the Party Room, you observe Phys Phab Max arrive and say “bye” to Phys Phab Ava but it was a couple minutes before Ava left the room. Having just been focused on twitches, you correctly see this exchange as an analogy for a twitch where

A latent period exists until Ava left the room

Which is a correct statement about the neuromuscular junction?

Our Critical Equation #1 is being run in the forward direction

Which is a correct statement about the neuromuscular junction

Only voltage-gated channels are opened in the motor neuron

Which is a correct statement about perception?

An individual is often not aware of their perceptions

Because these two are _____, _____ are like ______.

Neither statement is correct

Which is a correct pair with complete first one found entirely within the second one?

H zone - A band

Dr.Gray’s Patient Y has ingested a toxin that is an agonist for ATP. Dr. G correctly realizes that within Y’s skeletal muscles the toxin will

Both statements are correct

While studying skeletal muscle arrangement during crossbridge cycling, Phellow Physer Libby Thompson correctly noted that ____ would remain a constant length while ______ shortens

Actin - I band

While doing bicep curls (hand to shoulder) with a friend at the RPAC, you correctly tell your friend that

The bicep muscle is an organ

Phys Phab Katie has control of the “Magic Shrink Ray”, switched the size setting to “protein” and finds herself next to a myofiber with H zones that are reducing in width. She correctly expects that when she shifts her focus she will see

Myosin filaments are not getting shorter

Which is a correct statement about decreasing the size of the functional unit of skeletal muscle?

Our Critical Equation #1 is being run in the forward direction

Which is a correct statement about perception?

It often combines multiple sensory system inputs

Yesterday, Phys Phab Julia enjoyed a triple chocolate, salted-caramel sundae. Relishing her physiology knowledge, she correctly noted that she was ingesting fats, salt and sweets. Consequently, she correctly stated that this sundae included

Compounds, that in the distant past, were rare

Years ago, Brutus Buckeye was adopted by a kitten that had been living at the Shoe. Visiting Brutus last weekend, you noticed a distinct “cat litter” smell in his house but Brutus was unaware of the odor. However, correctly knowing his physiology, he correctly stated that

Neither statement is correct

Because these two are _____, _____ are like ______.

Both statements are correct

Which is a correct pair with complete first one found entirely within the second one?

Neither statement is correct

Dr. Scarlet’s Patient X has ingested a toxin that prevents the opening of ligand-gated channels in skeletal myofibers. Consequently, Dr. S correctly notes that Patient X will have

No graded potentials occurring in the myofiber

Phellow Physer Carmen Oh is drinking a diet soda (ie. tastes sweet without sugar) but is unhappy about its “after taste”. Carmen correctly states that the taste could definitely be improved

If antagonists for the chemoreceptors in the throat were added

Dr. Gray’s Patient Y broke their right tibia (large lower leg bone) over the weekend. Dr. G correctly explained that, even with only bone damage having occurred, the immobilization of their lower leg for the next few weeks will cause

Prevent rigor mortis

When skeletal myofiber is relaxing, calcium is ____ moved to a specific location via _____

Actively - ATPases

Which is a correct statement about a deltoid muscle (helps move the shoulder)?

Its speed of contraction is dependent on how quickly the ATP is hydrolyzed on the myosin head

To move from unfused to fused tetanus, that muscle’s motor neuron will need to increase its

Calcium influx

For the sources of ATP in skeletal myofibers, Phellow Physer Libby Thompson correctly stated that

Both statements are correct

While doing her regular bicep curls (held weight up to shoulder then back down), Phys Phab Lauren correctly stated that this process involves

A load that is always dependent

When considering the process of lifting a light and heavier weight

The heavy weight will require the activation of more motor units

Dr. Gray’s Patient Y broke their right tibia (large lower leg bone) over the weekend. Dr. G correctly explained that, even with only bone damage having occurred, the immobilization of their lower leg for the next few weeks will cause

Muscles in the area to experience atrophy

While in the Party Room, you observe Phys Phab Max arrive and say “bye” to Phys Phab Ava but it was a couple minutes before Ava left the room. Having just been focused on twitches, you correctly see this exchange as an analogy for a twitch where

Both statements are correct

Phys Phab Sophia has control of the “Magic Shrink Ray”, switched the size setting to “protein” and finds herself next to a skeletal myofiber in the leg of a world champion marathon runner. Consequently, she is not suprised when she observes that this myofiber (like the majority of its neighboring myofibers)

Has a very small diameter

To move from unfused to fused tetanus, that muscle’s motor neuron will need to increase its

Neither statement is correct

For the sources of ATP in skeletal myofibers, Phellow Physer Libby Thompson correctly stated that

Per starting compound, Krebs cycle and glycolysis create the same numbers of ATPs

When considering the process of lifting a light and heavier weight

Both statements are correct

Taking advantage of the beautiful weather earlier this week, your Phellow Physer Libby Thompson was playing Frisbee while barefoot on the oval. While running to make a catch, she stepped with her right foot on a sharp stone hidden in the grass. Considering the series of involuntary actions that next occurred to her, Libby correctly stated that

Her immediate actions were the direct result of information processed by her central nervous system

Both smooth and skeletal muscle _____, but only smooth muscle _____

Directly depend on cytosolic calcium - is relaxed at the botoom of the crossbridge cycling process

Which is a correct statement about insulin

It has fewer, adjacent carbon rings than aldosterone

Which is a correct statement about the endocrine system?

Its endocrines are released by glands and neurons

Which is a correct statement about movements due to skeletal muscle?

It could be the result of the proprioception systems input from Golgi tendon organs

Smooth muscle is controlled by the ____ nervous system and does not have ____

Autonomic - troponin

Which is a correct statement about endocrine 1s?

They are always produced and released by the hypothalamus

The neurohypophysis releases Endocrine ____

1s

Phys Phab Kaitlyn was watching a track meet where multiple runner completed a race by handing off a baton. One race started with a blue-shirted runner handing off to a red-shirted runner who handed off to a green-shirted runner who ultimately crossed the finish line. Using this race as an analogy for the endocrine system, Kaitlyn correctly stated that

When released by the green-shirted runner, the baton would be an Endocrine 3

Your phellow physer Carmen Oh correctly noted that both skeletal and smooth muscle contain _____ while only one of them contains _____

Tropomyosin - troponin

Which is a correct statement about the pituitary gland?

All three statements are correct

Dr. Scarlet’s Patient X has ingested a toxin that eliminates all the tropomyosin from a cell without disrupting the cell’s structural integrity (ie. nothing will fall apart). Dr. S correct realizes that when Patient X’s level of cytosolic calcium rises

In smooth muscle, the process to start crossbridge cycling will not be impacted

Which is a correct statement about a difference between smooth and skeletal muscles?

Only smooth muscle creates a radial contraction directly due to its dense bodies

Which is a correct statement about the spinal reflexes presented in lecture?

They were both activated by somatosensory input

Which is a correct statement about endocrines?

All of the Endocrine 2s are released by the anterior pituitary gland

Taking advantage of the beautiful weather earlier this week, your Phellow Physer Libby Thompson was playing Frisbee while barefoot on the oval. While running to make a catch, she stepped with her right foot on a sharp stone hidden in the grass. Considering the series of involuntary actions that next occurred to her, Libby correctly stated that

She contracted her flexor and contralateral extensor

Both smooth and skeletal muscle _____, but only smooth muscle _____

Can contract due to neuron innervation - has intracellular calcium levels changing

Which is a correct statement about the endocrine system?

Its cortisol always impact DNA transcription

Which is a correct statement about movements due to skeletal muscle?

It could be accomplished by a flexor

Phys Phab Kaitlyn was watching a track meet where multiple runner completed a race by handing off a baton. One race started with a blue-shirted runner handing off to a red-shirted runner who handed off to a green-shirted runner who ultimately crossed the finish line. Using this race as an analogy for the endocrine system, Kaitlyn correctly stated that

The blue-shirted runner would be the hypothalamus

Dr. Scarlet’s Patient X has ingested a toxin that eliminates all the tropomyosin from a cell without disrupting the cell’s structural integrity (ie. nothing will fall apart). Dr. S correct realizes that when Patient X’s level of cytosolic calcium rises

Neither statement is correct

Which is a correct statement about a difference between smooth and skeletal muscles?

Both statements are correct

Which is a correct statement about the spinal reflexes presented in lecture?

Only one involved the contralateral extensor being contracted

Which is a correct statement about endocrines?

Both statements are correct

Both smooth and skeletal muscle _____, but only smooth muscle _____

Require one ATP per crossbridge cycle - has a single stopping point for crossbridge cycling

Which is a correct statement about movements due to skeletal muscle?

It is typically accomplished by muscles working in pairs

Which is a correct statement about endocrine 1s?

They always travel through the infundibulum

Which is a correct statement about the pituitary gland?

The anterior pituitary gland is not currently considered a part of the brain

Which is a correct statement about a difference between smooth and skeletal muscles?

Neither statement is correct

Which is a correct statement about endocrines?

They move through the smallest fluid compartments

While taking a relaxing walk that looped around Mirror Lake, Phys Phab Victoria thought about the flow of blood. She correctly recalled that _____ blood enters her left _____ before moving through _____ valve.

Oxygenated - atria - the bicuspid

Which is a correct statement about the heart while being impacted by the sympathetic nervous system?

The number of P waves will increase

Phellow Physer Carmen Oh is observing in an Emergency Room and views a patient’s EKG. Noticing that this patient has no visible peak for their atrial repolarization, Carmen correctly tells the attending physician that this patient

Does not have a problem prior to their QRS complex

The bundles of His carry electrical activity ____ of the heart and to the _____

Through the interventricular septum - ventricles

Dr.Gray’s Patient Y had their parathyroid glands removed. Consequently, Dr. G correctly states that

Patient Y’s level of calcium in their urine will be increasing

Heart rate is ____ related to cardiac output and is regulated relatively _____ stroke volume

Directly - independent of

Which is a correct statement about stroke volume

Its EDV is always larger than its ESV

Intercalated discs located are ____ myofibers and _____ found in skeletal muscle

Between two - are not

Which is a correct statement about the pattern of flow in the circulatory system?

The bundles of His are crucial for getting the blood to move through semilunar valves

During a recent run together, Dr. Scarlet realized that Dr. Gray was having a hard time keeping up. Dr. Scarlet listens to Dr. G’s heart and hears “lub shh dub” Which is a correct statement about his heart?

Neither statement is correct