Anatomy 6511 Superior, Inferior Mediastinum and Sympathetics 낱말 카드
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192 Terms
Mediastinum
What is the central region between the right and left pulmonary cavities?
Sternal angle
Where anteriorly is the mediastinum divided into superior and inferior?
T4-T5
Where posteriorly is the mediastinum divided into superior and inferior?
T1-T4
What vertebral levels make up the superior mediastinum?
T5-T12
What vertebral levels make up the inferior mediastinum?
Anterior, middle, posterior
What are the divisions of the inferior mediastinum?
Manubrium of sternum
What does the superior mediastinum lie posterior to?
Thymus gland, Trachea, Esophagus
What viscera is found in the superior medisastinum?
Brachiocephalic veins, Superior vena cava, Arch of aorta
What vessels are found in the superior mediastinum?
Thoracic duct and lymph nodes
What lymphatics are found in the superior mediastinum?
Phrenic, vagus, cardiac plexus
What nerves are found in the superior mediastinum?
Larynx
What is the trachea continuous with?
Anterior
Does the trachea descend anterior or posterior to esophagus?
Pulmonary trunk
What does the trachea bifurcate deep to?
Right
Is the right or left main bronchus wider and more vertical?
Right internal jugular and right subclavian
What veins form the right brachiocephalic vein?
Right head and neck
What does the right internal jugular vein drain?
Right upper limb
What does the right subclavian vein drain?
Left internal jugular and left subclavian vein
What veins form the left brachiocephalic vein?
Left head and neck
What does the left internal jugular vein drain?
Left upper limb
What does the left subclavian vein drain?
Azygos and left/right brachiocephalic
What veins are tributaries of superior vena cava?
Deoxygenated
Does the superior vena cava carry deoxygenated or oxygenated blood?
Thoracic wall, upper limb, head and neck
What does the superior vena cava carry deoxygenated blood from?
Right atrium of heart
Where does the superior vena cava carry deoxygenated blood to?
Sternal angle
Where does the aortic arch begin and end anteriorly?
T4-T5
Where does the aortic arch begin and end posteriorly?
Brachiocephalic trunk, left common carotid artery, left subclavian artery
What are the branches of the arch of aorta?
Right common carotid artery and right subclavian artery
What are the branches of the brachiocephalic trunk?
Both
Is the thymus in the anterior or superior mediastinum?
Manubrium of sternum
What is the thymus located posterior to?
Brachiocephalic veins
Where does the thymus lie anterior to?
Branches of internal thoracic artery/vein
What is the blood supply supply of the thymus?
Prominent and active with T cell maturation
What is the function of the thymus in childhood prior to puberty?
Inactive and atrophies
What is the function of the thymus in adults?
Fatty mass
How might the thymus appear in adults?
Pulmonary trunk
What is labeled 1?
Esophagus
What is labeled 2?
Trachea
What is labeled 3?
Primary bronchi
What is labeled 4?
Posterior intercostal vein
What is labeled 1?
Azygos vein
What is labeled 2?
Superior vena cava
What is labeled 3?
Right brachiocephalic vein
What is labeled 4?
Right vertebral vein
What is labeled 5?
Right subclavian vein
What is labeled 6?
Right internal jugular vein
What is labeled 7?
Right and left inferior thyroid veins
What is labeled 8?
Left internal jugular vein
What is labeled 9?
Left subclavian vein
What is labeled 10?
Left brachiocephalic vein
What is labeled 11?
Left superior intercostal vein
What is labeled 12?
Superior vena cava
What is labeled 1?
Brachiocephalic trunk
What is labeled 2?
Right subclavian artery
What is labeled 3?
Trachea
What is labeled 4?
Right common carotid artery
What is labeled 5?
Left common carotid artery
What is labeled 6?
Left subclavian artery
What is labeled 7?
Left brachiocephalic vein
What is labeled 8?
Arch of aorta
What is labeled 9?
Left main bronchus
What is labeled 10?
Pulmonary trunk
What is labeled 11?
Right main bronchus
What is labeled 12?
Right internal thoracic artery
What is labeled 1?
Thymus
What is labeled 2?
Left internal thoracic artery
What is labeled 3?
Pericardial sac
What is labeled 4?
Thymus gland (remnants) and internal thoracic vessels
What are the components of the anterior mediastinum?
Right internal thoracic artery
What is labeled 1?
Thymus gland
What is labeled 2?
Pericardium, Heart, R/L phrenic nerves, Pericardiophrenic vessels, Roots of great vessels, Arch of azygos vein, Primary bronchi
What are the components of the middle mediastinum?
Arch of azygos vein
What is labeled 1?
Right primary bronchi
What is labeled 2?
Phrenic nerve
What is labeled 3?
Pericardiophrenic vessels
What is labeled 4?
Esophagus
What viscera is found in the posterior mediastinum?
Descending/thoracic aorta, Posterior intercostal arteries/veins, Azygos vein, Hemizygos veins
What vessels are found in the posterior mediastinum?
Thoracic duct and lymph nodes
What lymphatics are found in the posterior mediastinum?
Intercostal nerves, Esophageal nerve plexus, R/L vagal trunks, Sympathetic trunk and chain ganglia, Thoracic splanchnic nerves
What nerves are found in the posterior mediastinum?
Esophagus
What is labeled 1?
Sympathetic trunk and chain ganglia
What is labeled 2?
Posterior intercostal vein
What is labeled 3?
Azygos vein
What is labeled 4?
Greater thoracic splanchnic nerve
What is labeled 5?
Pericardium
What is the esophagus located posterior to?
Gut tube
The esophagus travels through the posterior mediastinum and is part of the __________.
Pharynx; stomach
The esophagus is part of the gut tube with connects the ___________ with the ____________.
T10
What vertebral level does the esophagus pierce the diaphragm at?
Esophageal plexus
The esophagus is innervated by a visceral nerve plexus called what?
Right vagus nerve
What is labeled 1?
Posterior vagal trunk
What is labeled 2?
Esophageal plexus (anterior)
What is labeled 3?
Greater thoracic splanchnic nerve
What is labeled 4?
Left vagus nerve
What is labeled 5?
Sympathetic trunk and chain ganglia
What is labeled 6?
Greater thoracic splanchnic nerve
What is labeled 7?
Anterior vagal trunk
What is labeled 8?
VA, VE-para/pre, VE-sym/post
What are the functional components of the visceral nerve plexus of the thorax (use abbreviations)?
VE-para/pre and VA
What are the parasympathetic components of the esophageal plexus?