Cultural Geography Quiz 2

What is Cultural Divergence?

Cultures moving away from each other in similarity.

What is Cultural Convergence?

Culture joining together in similarity.

What is Folk Culture?

Culture traditionally practiced by a small, homogeneous, rural group living in relative isolation from other groups.

What is Popular Culture?

Culture found in a large, heterogeneous society that shares certain habits and seeks similar material goods despite differences in other personal characteristics.

What is Virtual Geography?

Geography that follows the internet trends.

What is a Habit?

A repetitive act performed by a particular individual.

What is a Custom?

The frequent repetition of an act, to the extent that it becomes characteristic of the group of people performing the act.

What is Syncretism?

The combining of elements of two groups into a new cultural feature.

What is a Taboo?

A restriction on behavior imposed by social customs.

What is a Cultural Landscape?

A combination of cultural features such as language and religion, economic features such as agriculture and industry, and physical features such as climate and vegetation.

What is Diffusion?

The process by which a feature spreads across space from one place to another over time.

What kind of interaction is related with Folk Culture?

Limited spatial interaction.

What kind of interaction is related to Popular Culture?

High rates of spatial interaction.

What is Cultural Imperialism?

Happens when a group (the one in charge) forces their culture over the people they are dominating.

What are Alt Facts/Disinformation?

A statement that can be proved to be false.

What is a Hearth?

A place of heat & human gathering, becoming a point of origin in human culture.

What are the two types of Diffusion?

Contagious Diffusion and Hierarchical Diffusion

What is Contagious Diffusion?

Diffusion that happens by a random process

What is Hierarchical Diffusion?

Diffusion that happens by an Ordered (Networked) process, associated with Urban

What is Ecotourism?

Responsible travel to natural areas that conserves the environment, sustains the well-being of local people, and involves interpretation and education. Usually done by well off countries.

What is the “irritant industry”?

The portion of tourism in which tourists do not know the cultural values of the country they visit, causing disruptions.

What is Gender Equity?

The equalization of men in women in every aspect.

What is De facto, and what is it related to?

As things are, related to Standard Language.

What is Standard Language?

The form of a language used for official government, business, education, and mass communication.

What is De jure, and what is it related to?

By legal code, related to Official Language

What is Official Language?

The language adopted for use by a government for the conduct of business and publication of documents.

What is Dialect?

Regional variation in a language based upon pronunciation, vocabulary, and/or grammar.

What is an Isogloss?

A boundary that separates regions in which different language usages predominate.

What is a Centripetal Force?

A cultural value that tends to unify people.

What is Centrifugal Force?

A cultural value that tends to pull people apart.

What is Lingua Franca?

A language mutually understood and commonly used in trade by people who have different native languages.

What are Language Families?

A collection of languages related to each other through a common ancestor long before recorded history.

What Language Family does English belong to?

Indo-European Language

What is Language Sub Families?

Families of languages all stemming off of the greater Language Family, like the Romance, Germanic, and Slavic Languages stemming from the Indo-European Language family

What languages are part of the Romance (stemming from Latin) Sub Family, and where do they originate from?

French, Spanish, Portuguese, Italian, Romania. Which French being the most important, originating in Southwest Europe

What languages are part of the Germanic Sub Family, and where do they originate?

German, Dutch, Norway, Sweden, Iceland, etc. With German being the most important, originating in Northwestern Europe.

What languages are part of the Slavic Sub Family, and where do they originate?

Russia, Poland, Czech, etc. With Russian being the most important, originating from Eastern Europe.

What is Relocation Diffusion?

The spread of different cultures caused by relocation of the cultural people.

What are Ideograms?

A symbol that represents and Idea/Concept, used by the Chinese

What is an Endangered Language?

A language that is threatened or dying because it is losing users and may not be retained by the younger generation.

What is the most linguistically diverse place on the planet?

Subsaharan Africa

What is African American Vernacular English (AAVE)?

A dialect used by some Black Americans.

What is the Pinyin Sytem?

Established in 1958 by the Peoples Republic of China, made North Mandarin (originating in Beijing) the official language. However, in the Southern regions of China, Guangzhou was spoken (referred to as Canton by the British).

What is the alphabet in Russia, and what is the alphabet in the United States?

Cyrillic, and Roman.

What is modern math based off of?

Old Arab documents.

Which culture replaced the Celtic culture in old Britain?

Anglo-Saxons

What are the Celtic Languages?

Scottish Gaelic, Irish Gaelic, Welsh, and Breton

What is the HDI?

The Human Development Index that measures the rate of human development in countries, and it follows three criteria.

What are the 3 criteria for the HDI?

1) Economic Aspect: GNI per capita, or Gross Natural Income meaning money produced not just by the residents but foreign money coming in as well.

2) Demographic Aspect: Life Expectancy

3) Social Aspect: Level of Education