Male reproductive tract

What are the parts of the testes

Tunica albuginea, head, tail, seminiferous tubules, mediastinum testis

What are the functions of the testis

Spermatogenesis, hormone secretions

What are the parts of the epididymis

Head, tail, epididymal duct,

What are the functions of the epididymis

Site of sperm maturation and storage

What are the ligaments of the tail of the epididymis and what are they remnants of

Proper ligament of the testis and ligament of the tail of the epididymis; remnants of gubernaculum

What is the pathway of the ductus deferens

From tail of epididymis to urethra; passes through inguinal canal into abdominal cavity

What are the scrotal and testicular layers

Hairy skin, tunica dartos, external spermatic fascia, cremaster muscle, internal spermatic fascia, parietal vaginal tunic, vaginal cavity, visceral vaginal tunic, tunica albuginea, testes/epidiymis

Know the location of scrotum in dogs and cats

Caudal aspect of thigh vs. ventral to anus

What are the contents of the spermatic cord

Parietal and visceral vaginal tunics, testicular nerovascular bundle, ductus deferens, a/v of ductus deferens, lymphatics

Compare open vs. closed castrations

Whether vaginal tunic is incised

Pros of open: direct visualization of spermatic cord

Cons of open: slower, increased complications, increased infection

Describe the features of the penis

Erectile and connnective tissues

Root: Bilatreral Crura, bulb

Body

Glans: bulbus glandis, pars longs glandis

What are the two major muscles found in the root of the penis and their functions

Ischiocavernosus - maintain erections

Bulbospongiosus - rhythmic contractions which lead to erection or expulsion of semen/urine from urethra

What are the two types of erectile tissues found in the penis

Corpus cavernosum

Corpus songiosum

Describe the parts of the prepuce and associated muscles

Prenuptial fornix - point of reflection from skin of the glans to internal lamina

Preputial orifice - opening into the prepuce

Muscles: cranial preputial and retractor penis

What are the functions of the prostate

Contributes a fluid component to semen to help with survival

What is the function of the bulbourethral gland

Produce a lubricating fluid that flushes the urethra prior to ejaculation

What are the pelvic diaphragm muscles and their functions

Coccygenus muscle and lavator ani muscle which function to depress tail and support pelvic viscera

Discuss perineal hernias including location and signalment and contributing factors

Displacement at the ischirectral fossa; factors include: hormone related prostatic inflammation, urinary obstruction, chronic straining; commonly includes bladder or rectum

Word and arrow diagram of pathway through male repro tract

Testes, epididymis, ductus deferens, prostate gland/urethra, bulbus glandis, penis