Bio 100- Chemistry and water

Partial charges on a molecule occur when

There are polar covalent bonds in the molecule

The charge on a neutron is

0

Ions are

Atoms or molecules with unequal numbers of electrons and protons

An individual carbon (C) atom always had what number of chemical bonds?

4

H bonds

May occur between any molecules with polar covalent bonds containing H

The nucleus of an atom contains

Protons and neutrons

Bonds between like/similar atoms (e.g as in H2) are always

Non polar covalent bonds

Consider a C-O bond. What type of chemical bond is it?

Polar covalent bond

Water molecules are attracted to

Starch

An individual oxygen atom always has what number of chemical bonds?

2

Consider an H=H bond. What type of chemical bond is it?

This bond does not exist

An individual helium (He) atom has what number of chemical bonds?

0

Consider an N-C bond. What type of chemical bond is it?

Polar covalent bond

The meniscus curve in a glass graduated cylinder containing water is due to:

Adhesion between water and glass

When a molecule loses an electrons, the molecule has been

Oxidized

C-O bonds are

An example of polar covalent bonds

The maximum number of chemical bonds between two atoms is

3

Electronegativity is

A measure of the attraction of an atom for its electrons

When there is a chemical bond between two atoms different electronegativity, the electrons in the bond are:

Closer to the atom with higher electronegativity

Consider a C=O bond. What type of chemical bond is it?

Polar covalent bond

Lemon juice has a high [H+]. The ph of lemon juice is

Less than 7

Consider an N-H bond. What type of chemical bond is it?

Polar covalent bond

In an ionic bond

Electrons are not shared between two atoms

C-H bonds are

An example of a non- polar covalent bond

The charge on a proton is

+1

Consider solid NaCl. The type of bond holding this molecule together is

An ionic bond

Water is liquid at room temperature due to

Cohesion between water molecules

In an atom, electrons are located in

Orbitals

As a solvent, water dissolves

Small polar or charged molecules

Hydrophilic molecules tend to

Have many polar covalent bonds

Hydrophobic molecules tend to

Have many non-polar covalent bonds

Ph represents

Negative log of the [H+] in a solution

The charge of an electron is

-1

When a molecule gains an electrons, the molecule has been

Reduced

When NaCl is dissolved in water, the Na loses an electron. Thus, the Na becomes

Na+

An oxidizing agent

Gains electrons from another molecule

A reducing agent

Loses electrons to another molecule

Anions

Are negatively charged