Pop Health II Exam 1 Practice Questions

a. A person who possesses or is believed to possess an attribute which is not valued

Which of the following best characterizes a person who is stigmatized?

a. A person who possesses or is believed to possess an attribute which is not valued

b. A person who has significant health or social issues

c. A person of a racial or ethnic minority

d. A person who is not accepted as a member of society

b. The social and environmental conditions in which people live and work

Which of the following best describes the social determinants of health?

a. The degree to which an individual population, or organization is unable to anticipate, cope with, resist, and recover from the impact of disease and disasters

b. The social and environmental conditions in which people live and work

c. Resources available to individuals and communities based on membership within a social group

d. A state of health inequality

b. Income, education, and occupation

Socioeconomic status (SES) is characterized by the measure of which of the following?

a. Education and occupation

b. Income, education, and occupation

c. Poverty and health

d. Income

b. 1948

When did the United Nations adopt the Universal Declaration of Human Rights?

a. 2000

b. 1948

c. 1998

d. 2020

d. Health disparity

Which of the following refers to a health outcome seen to a greater or lesser extent between or within a country or population?

a. Health gradient

b. Health equity

c. Social gradient

d. Health disparity

d. One who moves from place to place to obtain work and is often outside his or her own country

Which of the following best characterizes a migrant worker?

a. One who has fled his or her country of origin for purposes of employment

b. One who is compelled into service through trafficking

c. One who works in the agricultural sector

d. One who moves from place to place to obtain work and is often outside his or her own country

c. Vulnerability

Which of the following refers to the degree to which an individual, population, or organization is unable to anticipate, cope with, resist, and recover from the impact of disease and disasters?

a. Health gradient

b. Health equity

c. Vulnerability

d. Health disparity

a. Institutional

b. Individual

c. Structural

Identify the three levels of discrimination (Select all that apply)

a. Institutional

b. Individual

c. Structural

d. Legal

c. Census data statistics

Which of the following would be an example of quantitative data used for a community assessment?

a. Focus group discussing safety concerns

b. Key informant interview

c. Census data statistics

d. Overview information about the community

c. 8

How many action steps exist in the Community Health Assessment and Group Evaluation (CHANGE) assessment model?

a. 6

b. 5

c. 8

d. 7

c. 6

How many action phases exist in the Mobilizing for Actions through Planning and Partnerships (MAPP) assessment model?

a. 5

b. 7

c. 6

d. 8

a. Magnitude of the problem

b. Feasibility of correcting the problem

e. Seriousness of the consequences

Which of the following should be considered when prioritizing health issues for a community? (Select all that apply)

a. Magnitude of the problem

b. Feasibility of correcting the problem

c. Preference of the assessment team

d. Preference of the administration

e. Seriousness of the consequences

a. Health statistics from the local health department

b. Crime report data

c. Census data

Which of the following is an example of secondary date used in a community assessment (Select all that apply)

a. Health statistics from the local health department

b. Crime report data

c. Census data

d. Key informant interview

c. Windshield survey

Which of the following can refers to a drive-through or walk-through the community to make observations about the community?

a. Data collection

b. Informant interview

c. Windshield survey

d. Focus group

a. The problem

b. How the problem is demonstrated ("as evidenced by")

d. The population

Identify the components of a nursing community diagnosis. (Select all that apply)

a. The problem

b. How the problem is demonstrated ("as evidenced by")

c. Grants to support interventions

d. The population

e. The nurse

a. Appropriate skills and time to conduct a competent assessment

b. Program planning, interventions, and evaluation

d. Active involvement of the community as a partner

Which of the following is a key component of health program planning? (Select all that apply)

a. Appropriate skills and time to conduct a competent assessment

b. Program planning, interventions, and evaluation

c. Specific grant funding to support health program planning

d. Active involvement of the community as a partner

e. Expert consultants identifying community needs

c. During the program design phase

When does program evaluation begin for a health program?

a. After the interventions are implemented

b. After the interventions are selected

c. During the program design phase

d. After the community assessment is complete

c. Public health policy

Which of the following refers to policies specifically intended to direct or influence actions, behaviors, or decisions which influence the health of populations?

a. National health policy

b. Public health economics

c. Public health policy

d. Advocacy

c. The prices of goods and services are set by supply and demand

Which of the following best characterizes a market economy?

a. There are few sellers and many buyers creating demand

b. There are many sellers and few buyers creating supply

c. The prices of goods and services are set by supply and demand

d. Everyone receives goods and services according to need

d. Healthy People 2030

Which of the following refers to a national prevention policy agenda which guides interventions for the improvement of health outcomes in populations?

a. Social Security

b. Medicare

c. Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services

d. Healthy People 2030

d. A federal governmental insurance program for people over age 65

What of the following best characterizes Medicare?

a. A state insurance program for immigrants

b. A state insurance program for people over age 65

c. A federal governmental insurance for people in poverty

d. A federal governmental insurance program for people over age 65

c. Businesses and organizations can develop policies which impact their employees and customers

What is the role of businesses and organizations in health policy?

a. Businesses and organizations have no impact on health policy

b. Businesses and organizations must comply with federal, state, and local laws affecting health

c. Businesses and organizations can develop policies which impact their employees and customers

d. Businesses and organizations can develop local laws which impact their employees and customers

a. Nongovernmental organizations (NGOs)

b. Grant funders

c. Lobbyists

According to the textbook, which of the following is considered a stakeholder group in public health policy?

a. Nongovernmental organizations (NGOs)

b. Grant funders

c. Lobbyists

d. Media corporations

c. Assurance

Making sure that essential community-oriented health services are available defines which of the core public health functions?

a. Policy development

b. Assessment

c. Assurance

d. Scientific knowledge-based care

c. Planning

Which step in the Nursing Care Management Process involves the development of programs based on the data collected during assessment?

a. Assessment

b. Diagnosis

c. Planning

d. Implementation

e. Evaluation

b. Population-Focused Assessment

What type of community health assessment targets a particular population of individuals?

a. Comprehensive Assessment

b. Population-Focused Assessment

c. Setting-Specific Assessment

d. Health Impact Assessment

b. Diagnosis

In the Nursing Care Management Process in the Community, which step involves identifying strengths and problems within the community?

a. Assessment

b. Diagnosis

c. Planning

d. Implementation

e. Evaluation

a. Quantitative data

Which type of data includes information like census figures and data from local agencies?

a. Quantitative data

b. Qualitative data

c. Observational data

d. Resident interviews

b. Describing the health of the community

What is the primary purpose of community assessment in the nursing care management process?

a. Identifying individual patient needs

b. Describing the health of the community

c. Guiding hospital procedures

d. Evaluating program outcomes

a. Health problems caused by lifestyle are multidimensional

Change for the community as client must often occur at several levels because why?

a. Health problems caused by lifestyle are multidimensional

b. Most individuals can change their habits alone

c. Aggregates are responsible for social change

d. Geographic areas often have health risks that the nurse must identify

b. The collective good of the population

A nurse cares for the community as the client when focusing on what?

a. Providing care for aggregates living in the community

b. The collective good of the population

c. The provision of care for families in the home setting

d. Providing health education in the community

c. People, place, and functions

What are the critical attributes in the definition of community?

a. Families, groups, and health organizations

b. Health needs, geographical boundaries, and target population

c. People, place, and functions

d. Populations and health resources

a. Identifying community needs and clarify problems

When completing a community assessment, the nurse will focus mainly on which of the following?

a. Identifying community needs and clarify problems

b. Determining the weaknesses of a community

c. Performing the core functions of public health nursing

d. Assessing individual needs within a community

d. Include a variety of disciplines

What intervention would be the most appropriate for the nurse to use when trying to develop community partnerships?

a. Involve only the community residents

b. Use nurses as the source of information and leadership

c. Rely on the power of local officials

d. Include a variety of disciplines

b. Comprehensive community assessment

A nursing instructor describes one approach to conducting an assessment as a collection of data about the populations living within the community; an assessment of the assets within the community, such as the local health department capacity; and the identification of problems and issues in the community, such as unmet needs and health disparities, and opportunities for action. The instructor explains that this type of approach is called what?

a. Rapid needs assessment

b. Comprehensive community assessment

c. Population-focused assessment

d. Health impact assessment

a. Setting-specific assessment

A PHN goes to a factory to find out why employees are missing so many work days. What type of assessment would be the most appropriate in this case?

a. Setting-specific assessment

b. Health impact assessment

c. Problem or health issue-based assessment

d. Population-focused assessment

d. Windshield survey

A PHN was asked to come to a town that was having some noticeable health problems. Driving through town, the nurse noted that there were many for-sale signs, as well as very little green space and some trash in the street. This preassessment phase is called what?

a. Community themes and strengths assessment

b. Community Health Assessment and Group Evaluation (CHANGE)

c. Community health status assessment

d. Windshield survey

d. Census data

Which of the following would be a secondary data source in a community assessment?

a. Windshield survey

b. Surveys conducted by phone for the community assessment

c. Key informant interviews for the community assessment

d. Census data

c. Community health assessment

Which of the following is best defined as a strategic plan which describes the health of a community by collecting, analyzing, and using data to prepare health program planning?

a. Community-based participatory research

b. Key informant

c. Community health assessment

d. Inventory of resources

a. Assessment

Collecting data and monitoring the health status of the population defines which of the core public health functions?

a. Assessment

b. Prevention

c. Assurance

d. Policy development

c. Stakeholders

Individuals, families, groups, organizations, policy makers, and staff who are involved in community collaboration are known as which of the following?

a. Nursing Center workers

b. Policy makers

c. Stakeholders

d. Diversity

d. assurance

e. assessment

f. policy development

What are the three core functions which encompass the purpose of public health? (Select all that apply)

a. advocacy

b. research

c. investigation

d. assurance

e. assessment

f. policy development

d. community

Which of the following can be defined as a group of individuals living within the same geographical area or a group of individuals who share some common characteristic?

a. population

b. aggregate

c. public

d. community

a. To help people achieve optimal health

What is the goal of public health nursing?

a. To help people achieve optimal health

b. To care for the well-being of sick patients

c. To make sure everyone has access to hospital care

d. To help health departments run effectively

a. Modifying economic, political, and environmental factors

Which statement best describes "thinking upstream"?

a. Modifying economic, political, and environmental factors

b. Preparing for nursing career long-term goals by planning now

c. Seeking causes of water and air pollution "upstream" from cities

d. Trying to understand how or why someone got ill

c. Individual, community, systems

On the intervention wheel, what do the circles represent, from innermost to outermost?

a. Community, systems, individual

b. Systems, community, individual

c. Individual, community, systems

d. Individual, systems, community

a. Have worse health outcomes and an increased sensitivity to risk factors than the general population

Which is a characteristic of a vulnerable population?

a. Have worse health outcomes and an increased sensitivity to risk factors than the general population

b. Have a single risk factor but experience worse health outcomes than the general population

c. Have multiple risk factors but equal health outcomes than the general population

d. Have worse outcomes with better access to health care than the general population

b. Health disparities

The wide variations in health services and health status between certain population groups are called what?

a. Priority population groups

b. Health disparities

c. Disadvantaged populations

d. Risk markers

b. Is successful in changing the social and political environment to improve equity and quality of life

A community health nurse is evaluating a health program and its effects on the population. The best indicator that this program acted as an empowerment to the community is that now the community...

a. Is rejuvenated in its physical and business structures

b. Is successful in changing the social and political environment to improve equity and quality of life

c. Promotes group action

d. Provides disadvantaged groups within the population a voice in decision-making

a. Assessment

Collecting data and monitoring the health status of the population defines which of the core

public health functions?

a. Assessment

b. Prevention

c. Assurance

d. Policy development

c. Community client experiencing the risk or problem

When writing a community-level diagnosis, "Among" refers to what?

a. Specific problem or health risk faced by the community

b. Characteristics of the community

c. Community client experiencing the risk or problem

d. Likelihood that the problem will be solved

b. Risk of obesity among school-age children related to lack of opportunities to engage in

physical activity

**The risk of identifies a specific problem or health risk faced by the community. Among identifies the specific community client with whom the nurse will be working in relation to the identified problem or risk. Related to describes characteristics of the community.

Which nursing diagnosis is written at the community-level?

a. Risk of hypertension related to poor diet and sedentary lifestyle

b. Risk of obesity among school-age children related to lack of opportunities to engage in physical activity

c. Risk of ineffective health maintenance among individuals who do not have access to a primary care provider

d. Ineffective coping related to multiple stressors as evidenced by client crying and stating she has no support system

c. Involving the community in assessing its own needs

How can a nursing center best be responsive to the needs of the community?

a. Having staff examine the needs of the community

b. Determining the services to be established by the center

c. Involving the community in assessing its own needs

d. Addressing the problems in the community

a. Have worse health outcomes and an increased sensitivity to risk factors than the general population

Which is a characteristic of a vulnerable population?

a. Have worse health outcomes and an increased sensitivity to risk factors than the general population

b. Have a single risk factor but experience worse health outcomes than the general population

c. Have multiple risk factors but equal health outcomes than the general population

d. Have worse outcomes with better access to health care than the general population

b. Health disparities

The wide variations in health services and health status between certain population groups are called what?

a. Priority population groups

b. Health disparities

c. Disadvantaged populations

d. Health inequities

c. Poverty

What is the primary cause of health vulnerability?

a. Race

b. Age

c. Poverty

d. Illness

a. Childhood immunization rates

An example of a health disparity is which of the following?

a. Childhood immunization rates

b. High dropout rates

c. Unemployment

d. Income below poverty level

b. To improve the health status of communities

What is the priority goal of local public health departments?

a. To monitor communicable diseases

b. To improve the health status of communities

c. To offer services for the insured

d. To enforce health codes and laws

c. Consequences (outcomes) of the program

What does summative evaluation primarily focus on?

a. Ongoing feedback on program performance

b. Delivery of the program and organizational context

c. Consequences (outcomes) of the program

d. Monitoring process objectives

a. Formative Evaluation

What type of evaluation occurs during the development of a program and focuses on the delivery and organizational context?

a. Formative Evaluation

b. Summative Evaluation

c. Process Evaluation

d. Cost-Benefit Evaluation

d. Implementation

Which phase of the Nursing Care Management process involves selecting effective interventions based on diagnoses, goals, and objectives?

a. Assessment

b. Diagnosis

c. Planning

d. Implementation

a. Goals are broad, and objectives are precise

What is the main difference between goals and objectives in the planning phase of the Nursing Care Management Process?

a. Goals are broad, and objectives are precise

b. Goals are for long-term planning, and objectives are for short-term planning

c. Goals are focused on individuals, and objectives are focused on communities

d. Goals are about process, and objectives are about outcomes

d. Number of healthcare facilities in the community

When prioritizing health problems in the community, which of the following is NOT a criterion to consider?

a. Magnitude of the problem

b. Seriousness of the consequences

c. Feasibility of correcting the problem

d. Number of healthcare facilities in the community

c. Planning

Which phase of the Nursing Care Management process involves developing measurable process and outcome objectives?

a. Assessment

b. Diagnosis

c. Planning

d. Implementation

b. The strengths and weaknesses in the community

In the nursing community diagnosis format, what does the term "Related to" refer to?

a. The specific problem in the community

b. The strengths and weaknesses in the community

c. The population affected by the problem/risk

d. Data supporting risk

a. Allocative policy

What type of policy provides benefits for a distinct group of individuals or organizations to achieve a public objective?

a. Allocative policy

b. Regulatory policy

c. Health policy

d. Social policy

c. Evidence

What should public health policy be based on to effectively support determinants of health?

a. Tradition and cultural values

b. Political ideologies

c. Evidence

d. Economic interests

d. Guaranteeing access to essential services

What does the term "Assurance" refer to in the core functions of Public Health?

a. Providing healthcare services

b. Assessing community needs

c. Making policies and laws

d. Guaranteeing access to essential services

a. Population health

In the context of Public Health, what does the term "The Triple Aim" aim to improve?

a. Population health

b. Individual health

c. Healthcare policy

d. Government funding for health

c. Influencing actions, behaviors, or decisions affecting population health

What is the primary focus of Public Health Policy?

a. Promoting healthcare industry profits

b. Redistributing wealth

c. Influencing actions, behaviors, or decisions affecting population health

d. Regulating non-governmental entities

b. National Academy of Medicine (NAM)

Which of the following advisory agencies is private, nonprofit institution that works outside of the government?

a. US National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)

b. National Academy of Medicine (NAM)

c. US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)

d. US National Institutes of Health (NIH)

a. Promote safe & healthy workers

Which of the following is a function of the US National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)?

a. Promote safe & healthy workers

b. Develop leaders & train the public health work force

c. Exemplify and promote scientific integrity

d. Create materials to teach and train healthcare professionals