structural defects

esophageal atresia

esophagus has no single pass to stomach

treatment for esophageal atresia

• maintain patent airway

• prevent pneumonia

• surgical repair

abdominal wall defects (omphalocele and gastroschisis)

omphalocele: organ outside the body

gastroschisis: bowel outside the body

hernias

bowel protrudes through abdominal muscle wall

can be umbilical or inguinal hernia

s/s of hernia:

• bulge at umbilicus

• bulge at either side of pelvic bone

incarcerated hernia

stuck and doesn’t move when pushed

medical emergency