ch. 2.1 chemical basis of life
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Last updated 11:46 PM on 9/14/22
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37 Terms
1
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ocean acidification
climate change bc of excess CO2 which dissolves the water highering the acidity
2
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how many occurring elements?
92
3
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matter is composed of
elements
4
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the 6 elements that make up most of the body weight
1. oxygen 2. carbon 3. phosphorus 4. calcium 5. nitrogen 6. hydrogen
5
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which shell only holds 2 electrons
the innermost shell
6
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how many electrons does an atom need on the outermost shell
8
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which subatomic particle has a neutral charge
neutron
8
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which subatomic particle has a positive charge
proton
9
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the atomic number tells the amount of what
protons and electrons
10
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what is the atomic mass the sum of
neutrons and protons
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the period is the
row
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the groups are the
columns
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most of the mass of an atom is found in the
nucleus
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isotopes are atoms of the same element but differ in the number of
neutrons
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radioactive isotopes
unstable, decay, radiation, and can come naturally
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the outermost shell is called
the valance shell
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what is the octet rule
if an atom has more than 2 shells then it will have 8 electrons to be stable
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how many types of chemical bonds are there and what are they
2 ionic and covalent
19
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what is an ionic bond?
an attraction b/w the opposite charges and usual gains or loses an electron
20
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what is a covalent bond?
sharing electrons to complete outer shell
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double covalent bond shares how many electrons
4
22
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a tripple covalent bond shares how many electronsq
6
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what is the most important molecule
H2O or water
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true or false: water isn't a polar covalent bond
false, it is
25
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what is a hydrogen bond
when one slightly negative hydrogen molecule is attracted to one slightly positive hydrogen molecule
26
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what is cohesion
attracted to another water molecule
27
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what is adhesion
attraction to another organic molecule
28
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is water NOT a solvent?
no, it is
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what is hydrophilic
attraction to water
30
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what is hydrophobic
not attracted to water
31
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water has a high _______ tension and high ____ capacity
surface and heat
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what is an acid
anything with an increased amount of hydrogen
33
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what is pH
hydrogen ion concentration in a solution
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7.01 to 14 on the pH scale is a
base or alkaline
35
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0 to 6.99 on the pH scale is a
acid
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what are buffers in pH
prevents sudden change in pH
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how does the buffer work
either releasing hydrogen or hydroxide to remain stable
