Week 4 nutrition

Factors affecting nutrition

• insufficient intake of nutrients: swallowing issues, healthy food choices, dentures

• altered ability to use ingested nutrients: Ulcerative Colitis, Crohn’s impact, absorption

• increased metabolic demand: stress

Nursing interventions for altered nutrition

• assess albumin and prealbumin

• monitor oral intake/calorie count/oral care

• swallowing evaluation

• small, frequent meals

• bring in favorite foods

GI intubation is

tube is inserted into the stomach

Why GI intubation?

• decompression: remove gas and fluid

• aspiration: removal of substances; obtain a specimen

• lavage: wash or cleanse the stomach

• administer: meds or tube feedings

• diagnose various disorders

Orogastric (OG) tube is

inserted through the mouth into the stomach

Nasogastric (NG) tube is

inserted through the nose into the stomach

Enteric tubes

nasoduodenal tubesand nasojejunal tubes provide nutrients, fluids, and medications

How long do you need to wait before you can use enteric tubes?

24-48hrs after placement

Long term tubes are used for

• pts at high risk of aspiration

• tubes needed for longer than 4 weeks

• gastrostomy

• jejunostomy

intra abdominal surgery

Aspiration

removal of substances; obtain a specimen

Decompression

remove gas and flluid

Lavage

wash or cleanse the stomach

Administer

administer meds or tube feedings

Refeeding syndrome vs Dumping syndrome

• Refeeding- rapid drop in K, Mg, and P electrolyte shift that results in cardiovascular, respiratory, and neurological problems

• Dumping- rapid gastric emptying into small intestine that results in palpitations, syncope, diarrhea, sweating, nausea, weakness

Clinical manifestations in Refeeding syndrome

shallow breathing, confusion, weakness, bleeding tendencies, seizures