A&P Chapter 3

The three main parts of the human body cell are plasma ________, ________, and n______.

Membrane, cytoplasm, nucleus

Phospholipids, ________, and glycolipids are the three main components of the ______bilayer portion of the _____membrane.

Cholesterol, Lipid, Plasma

Transmembrane protein extends across the entire lipid bilayer of the plasma membrane, such in both ____ fluid and ____ fluid.

Intercellular, extracellular

Plasma membranes are_____, Meaning that some chemicals move easily through the membrane while others do not

Selectively permeable

The movement of water from one area of higher water concentration to an area of lower water concentration Across the selectively permeable membrane.

What’s being described here?

Osmosis/movement of water across plasma membrane

Solutions ability to change the volume of cells by altering their water content

Tonicity

The transport process in which gases like O2 and CO2 move through the membrane(lungs)

Simple diffusion

Energy from the hydrolysis of ATP is used to drive substances across the membrane against their own concentration gradients.

PRIMARY active transport

If the solute concentration is higher inside the cell, water will move_____ by osmosis to equalize the salute, concentration

Into the cell

What transport process uses the energy stored in Na+ or H+ concentration gradient to drive other substances Across the membrane against their own concentration gradients

SECONDARY Active transport

A transport that processes use vesicles that fuse with the plasma membrane to secrete materials into the EXTRAcellular fluid.

EXOcytosis

TRUE OR FALSE

Cytosol is also known as a extracellular fluid

False

Structures that have characteristics shape and perform specific functions and cellular growth, maintenance and reproduction is called….

Organelles

Microfilaments, Intermediate filaments and Microtubules(bones of the cell) are all components of a cell’s….

Cytoskeleton

A sperm cell is the only type of human cell that contains a _____

Flagellum

The_____reticulum is the site of synthesis for membrane_____ and secretary proteins due to the presence of _____on its surface.

• rough endoplasmic

• Proteins

• Ribosomes

The____ complex is responsible for modifying sorting in packaging, proteins destined for other ___ of the cell

Golgi, regions

Lysosomes contain digestive emzymes that _____ worn out, organelles and _____ digestive components.

Breakdown, recycle

Major function of the mitochondria

Generate ATP

Nuclear____ protects the contents of the _____.

Membrane, nucleus

Transcription synthesizes RNA from a _____ template.

______ synthesize______ from an mRNA template.

• DNA

• Translation

• Protein

TRUE OR FALSE

Introns do NOT code for protein.

True

During this phase of cell division organelle duplicate in centrosome replication begins

Interphase

The phase where centromeres SPLIT, chromatids move to OPPOSITE POLES, and cleavage FURROW start to develop

Anaphase

Which organelle is responsible for autoPHAGY and autoLYSIS

Lysosome / F

Which organelle is used to modify, sort and transport proteins

Golgi / j

Which organelle aids movements of the cell

Flagellum / A

This structure, directs cellular activities and controls cellular structure

Nucleus / G

Which one represents carrier-meditated FACILITATED DIFFUSSION

B

Which one represents a hypertonic solution

C - The cell has shrunk, indicating water has left it

Which panel shows events occurring during anaphase

D- Shows the chromosomes clearly separating into distinct groups moving towards the end of the cell

Which panel show cells that are interphase

A- shows a large clear nucleus with No visible individual chromosome. (Before the cell gets divided)

Mitosis:

• ___division

• 2 daughter cells

• Genetically ____

• Asexual reproduction(for grow and repair/cell)

Meiosis:

• 2 divisions

• __ daughter cells

• genetically diverse

• ___ reproduction (human babies)

Mitosis :

• one

• Identical

Meiosis:

• Four

• Sexually

What structural component of the membrane is labeled (E) in the diagram

B/ cholesterol

What structural component of the membrane is labeled (B)

Glycoprotein

Which of the following represents an ion channel?

D - it’s not letting them in ion channels are selective. In the diagram D The channel is gated

Transcytosis Transports substances through the cell using ___cytosis on one side of the cell and ___cytosis on the opposite side.

ENDOcytosis, EXOcytosis

A disease that’s An inherited condition characterized by the absence of a single _____ enzyme called hex A

Lysosomal

_______ edoplasmic reticulum (sER) is responsible for synthesis of steroids, phospholipids, and acts as reservoir for Ca2+in muscle cell

Smooth

Besides the nucleus, the mitochondrion also contains_____.

DNA

_______ of rRNA and assembly of rRNA subunits ______ in the nucleolus.

Synthesis, occurs

A cell lacking r_____s would be UNABLE to synthesize ______

Ribosomes, proteins

Base triplet on a DNA molecule: ATG

What’s the correspond codon for the mRNA?

UAC

mRNA codon:ACU

What’s the codon for tRNA?

UGA

Glucose, ethanol and W_____ pass through the membrane via F____ diffusion.

Water, facilitated

Mitosis or Meiosis

• 92 Chromatids and 46 chromosomes are present

• Daughter cells are identical

• Single nuclear division

Mitosis

Uncontrolled growth of abnormal cells : ______

Cancer

Cytoplasm : includes all ______ within the cell (including cytosol)

Cytosol : the ____like substance filling the cell _____ the organelles (inside)

Organelles

Jelly, holding