Study Pharm 2

What are the four types of diuretics?

thiazides, loop diuretics, potassium sparing diuretics, osmotic agents

Where is gout most commonly found?

Big toe

Then ankle, knee, or elbow

Acute gout is treated with what types of drugs?

NSAIDs: for pain from gout

Corticosteroids: for acute goat pain in patients who cant take NSAIDs

Colchicine: for relieving inflammation in acute gout arthritis and prevent recurrent attacks

What types of medications can be used for BPH?

Antiandrogens, Alpha blockers, Phosphodiesterase

Which drug has a chemical makeup similar to aspirin?

Salicylates

Which drug is generally curative after one application?

Scabicide

Which drug treats lice as a form of shampoo?

Pediculicides

Which drug has a precaution to not take orally?

Scabicide/Pediculicide

Which type of drug has precautions for keeping area dry and contraindicating the use vaginally for pregnant women?

Antifungal

Which type of drug should be continued even after symptoms improve, avoid contact with eyes/mucous membranes as well as surrounding tissues?

Keratolytics

Which drug can be topical or systemic and is used for allergic reactions?

corticosteroids

Which topical drug soothes, softens, and protects via a lipid barrier creation?

Emollient/Protectant

Which drug mimics catecholamines?

Adrenergic agonist

Which drug returns the NS to a normal state?

Adrenergic Antagonists

What is the most frequently used type of diuretic?

thiazides

Which drug has the precaution of: patients should rule out cancer diagnosis first and this drug should not be handled by pregnant women

Antiandrogens

Which drug is prescribed with other diuretics?

Potassium sparing diuretics

Which type of drug has alpha and beta receptors involved?

Adrenergic Agonists

Which drug inhibits NTs-inhibiting electrical activity?

Sedatives/Hypnotics

Which drug should NOT be used if there is a history of kidney or heart failure?

osmotic agents

Which drug is the first line for gerd and ulcers?

PPI

Which drug has a precaution of: should not be taken w/in 2 hours of anti-infectives, digoxin, and certain hormones (increase/decrease effects of other meds)

Antacid

Which drug stimulates kidneys to excrete excess fluid and electrolytes?

Thiazides

Which drug is for chronic gout?

Uricosuric Agents

Which drug acts on the Loop of Henle in kidney to inhibit sodium reabsorption back into blood?

Loop Diuretics

Which drug is for overactive bladder with frequency and urgency?

Antispasmotics

Which drug is the first line therapy for eczema?

Emollient/protectant

Which drug uses a combo containing local anesthetics, drying agents, anti-inflammatory agents, and antihistamines?

Antipruritics

Which drug's use is for: hypertension, prevent formation of stones?

Thiazides

Which type of drug binds to the presynaptic neuron to block NT release?

medical marijuana

Which drug mimics acetylcholine?

Cholinergic Agonist

Which drugs use is for: block adrenergic receptors-block release neurotransmitters to prevent activation

Adrenergic Antagonists and Cholinergic Blockers

Which drug's use is for: promote peeling of skin-acne, hard corns, warts and controlling scaling such as dandruff or psoriasis?

Keratolytics

Which drugs use is for: chemical debridement to remove necrotic skin in order to promote proper healing

Enzyme Prep

Which drug's use is for: edema

Loop Diuretics

Which drug's use is for: under conditions where K depletion can be dangerous and it can counteract increased glucose and uric acid levels associated with thiazide use

Potassium sparing diuretics

Which drug's use is for: increase capacity and decrease urgency of bladder?

antispasmotics

Which drug's use is for: reduce intraocular/intracranial pressure-emergency situations that involve CNS trauma to reduce risk of dmg from swelling?

Osmotic Agents

Which drug's use is for: block alpha receptors found in smooth muscle in bladder neck and prostate-causing both to relax and improve urine flow

alpha blockers

Which drug's use is for: reduce gastric acid secretion by blocking histamine receptors in stomach

H2 blocker

Which drug's use is for: gastric anti-secretory agent. Short term symptomatic relief of GERD, ulcers, heartburn

PPI

Which drugs use is for: draw water to bowel from surrounding tissue making stoll easier to pass and increasing number of bowel movements

Saline Laxatives

Which drugs use is for: symptomatic relief by interfering with stimulation of chemoreceptor trigger zone in brain-therefore blocking messages to GI tract

Antidopaminergic

Which drugs use is for: restore rhythm in cardiac arrest, elevate BP in shock, nose bleeds, anaphylactic rxn or asthma, and opthalmic procedures?

Adrenergic Agonsists

Which drugs use is for: hypertension, cardiac arrhythmia, angina pectoris, migraine headache, and tremor?

Adrenergic Antagonists

Which drugs use is for: nonobstructive urinary retention, neuromuscular blockade reversal, xerostomia, myasthenia gravis, and open angle glaucoma?

Cholinergic Agonists

Which drugs use is for: GI hyper-motility, preoperation/preanesthesia uses, emergency treatment for bradycardia, pupil dilation, and bronchospasm?

Cholinergic Blockers

Which drugs use is for: pain relief most commonly in the lower back, neck, migraine, jaw pain

Opioid

Which drugs use is for: treating symptoms of chronic pain, nausea, decreased appetite, anxiety, ptsd, depression

Medical Marijuana

Which drugs use is:

nsaids are analgesic, antipyretic, anti-inflammatory

acetaminophen is analgesic, antipyretic

Non-Opioids

Which drugs use is for: block serotonin receptors in CTZ and in intestine to control emesis

serotonin receptor antagonists

Which drugs use is for: anti-infective and anti-secretory properties-has a direct mucosal protective effect

Bismuth Subsalicylate

Which drug's use is for: blocking reabsorption in kidneys and promoting urinary excretion of uric acid?

Uricosuric Agents

Which drug's use is for: seal out wetness in minor derm conditions-diaper rash, irritation, minor burns?

Emollient/Protectant

Which drugs use is for: anti-inflammatory activity on GI tract-specifically designed to reach ileum and colon and to bypass stomach

Salicylates

Which drug's use is for: short term relief of burning, pain, discomfort, urgency associated with cystitis or UTIs

Urinary Analgesics

Which drug's use is for: work against excessive acid production to reduce harmful effects

antacid

Which drug's use is for: smooth muscle relaxation and increased blood flow-commonly used for erectile dysfunction

phosphodiesterase inhibitors

Which drugs use is for: slow intestinal motility, allowing for more resorption of fluid back into body-solidifying feces

Opiate Agonist

Which drug's use is for: stimulate parasympathetic nerves to cause urinary contraction in cases of non-obstructive urinary retention-called the "pharmacological catheterization"

Cholinergics

Which drugs use is for: decrease body's inflammatory response-admined via injection or IV

Monoclonal Antibody

SIDE EFFECTS: hypokalemia, hypotension, vertigo

Thiazides

SIDE EFFECT: impotence, decreased libido, gynecomastia

Antiandrogens

SIDE EFFECTS: constipation, electrolyte imbalance

antacid

SIDE EFFECTS: hypertension, fainting

phosphodiesterase inhibitors

SIDE EFFECTS: urinary retention/constipation, blurred vision, mental confusion, tachycardia, palpitations

Antispasmotics

SIDE EFFECTS: drowsiness, dizziness

Antidopaminergic

SIDE EFFECTS: dizziness, orthostatic hypotension, decreased libido, impotence

Alpha blockers

SIDE EFFECTS: NVD, sweating,bradycardia, urinary urgency

Cholinergics

SIDE EFFECTS: anticholinergic (drying secretions, blurred vision, etc.) with Lomotil

Opiate agonists

SIDE EFFECTS: discoloration of tongue and stool (black)

Bismuth Subsalicylate

SIDE EFFECTS: GI issues, increased risk of pneumonia and cdiff

PPI

SIDE EFFECTS: (with prolonged use) electrolyte imbalance

Saline Laxative

SIDE EFFECTS: diarrhea, mental confusion. Long term is vit/mineral def

H2 Blockers

SIDE EFFECTS: GI upset

Salicylates

SIDE EFFECTS: kidney stones

Uricosuric Acids

SIDE EFFECTS: drowsiness, vertigo, confusion (esp in older adults)

Serotonin-receptor antagonist

SIDE EFFECTS: fluid/electrolyte imbalance causing chest pain, hypokalemia, hypotension

Loop Diuretics

SIDE EFFECTS: fluid/electrolyte imbalance, headache, vertigo, tachycardia, anaphylaxis

Osmotic Agents

SIDE EFFECTS: staining of skin temporarily

Burn medications

SIDE EFFECT: irritation to eyes or mucous membranes

Keratolytics

SIDE EFFECTS: orange red urine or discoloration of contact lenses

Urinary Analgesics

Hydrochlorothiazide is what type of drug?

Thiazide

Mannitol is what type of drug?

Osmotic Agent

Tolterodine and Oxybutynin are what type of drug?

Antispasmotics

lidocaine/ xylocaine are what type of drug?

Antipruritic

Zinc Oxide (balmex) and ammonium lactate (amlactin) are what type of drug?

Emollient/protectant

Salicylic Acid/Compund W/Acne Face Wash is what type of drug?

Keratolytics

Collagenase (santyl) is what type of drug?

Enzyme Prep

Permethrin (acticin) and Pyrethrin (RID) are what type of drug?

Scabicides and Pediculicides

Neomycin/ploymixin N/bacitracin

Antibiotic cream

clotrimazole (lomitrin) is what type of drug?

Antifungal cream

antihistamines: diphenhydramine

benzo: tempazepam (restoril)

nonbenzo: zolpidem (ambien)

melatonin receptor agonists: ramelteon (rozarem)

orexin antagonists: suvorexant (belsomra)

What class of drugs are these?

Sedatives/Hypnotics

Nabilone (Casamet) is what type of drug?

Medical Marijuana

salicylates/NSAIDs- acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin) and tylenol are what types of drug?

Non-Opioids

Hydrocodone (Dilaudid) is what type of drug?

Opioid

Atropine is what type of drug?

Cholinergic blocker

Pilocarpine is what type of drug?

Cholinergic Agonist

Flomax (Tamsulosin) is what type of drug?

Alpha blocker

Metoprolol is what type of drug?

Beta blocker