Elements, ions, compounds and water.

Non-polar compounds (2)

Non-polar compounds do not dissolve in water but will dissolve in lipids (fats/oils) –

they are said to be lipid-soluble.

oxygen

65% of the human body

carbon

18% of the human body

hydrogen

10% of the human body

nitrogen

3%

calcium

2%

phosphorus

1%

oxygen, carbon, hydrogen and nitrogen. What do they do? (2)

main components of all organic molecules.

Found in amino acids/nucleic acids

what does calcium do? (2)

strengthens bones, teeth and nerves in animals.

Cell walls in plants.

where is phosphorus present? (3)

cell membranes, ATP, nucleic acids.

potassium

nerve impulse transmission

sulphur

some amino acids

chlorine

carbon dioxide transport

sodium

nerve impulse transmission s

magnesium (2)

Enzyme function and chlorophyll production in plants

iron

oxygen transport

copper, manganese, and zinc

enzyme function

iodine

growth hormone function.

positive ions in the body (6)

MgX2+
FeX2+
KX+
NaX+
CaX2+
Ammonium, NHX4​X+

negative ions in the body (5)

phosphate PO4 3-

sulphate SO4 2-

nitrate NO3-

chloride Cl-

hydrogen carbonate HCO3-

3 compounds containing phosphate

amino acids/protein

  ATP

nucleic acids

 chlorophyll