English Grammar Review: Units 1 to 4

Vocabulary flashcards covering core grammar rules, verb tenses, expressions, and usage guidelines from Units 1 through 4.

Simple Present (Habitual Actions)

Used to describe habitual or everyday actions, such as getting up at seven every morning or working in a bank.

Simple Present (General Truths)

Used to talk about facts and general truths, such as the earth rotating around the sun or water boiling at 100 degrees Celsius.

Adverbs of Frequency

Time expressions used with the Simple Present to indicate how often an action happens, including always, normally, rarely, seldom, and hardly ever.

Present Progressive

A verb tense used to talk about actions happening right now or for arranged future plans.

Stative Verbs (Non-Progressive)

Verbs that are not usually used in the Present Progressive, including know, love, believe, belong, prefer, want, mean, and understand.

Verbs Followed by a Gerund

Verbs that are followed by an -ing form, including enjoy, finish, avoid, dislike, stop, suggest, miss, mind, and imagine.

Expressions Followed by a Gerund

Phrases that are followed by an -ing form, including feel like, give up, keep on, don't mind, can't stand, and be fond of.

Conjunctions of Time

Connectors such as before, after, until, and as soon as, which take the simple present form when expressing the future.

If and When Future Rule

A rule stating that when expressing future actions, a simple present verb is used in the if/when clause, while a future form (usually will) is used in the main clause.

Present Perfect Progressive

Formed with have/has been + -ing, this structure is used to express how long an action or event has been happening.

Simple Present Perfect

Formed with have/has + past participle, this structure is used to express quantity, completed results, or the number of times an action has been completed.

The Word Still

An adverb meaning up to now, used to indicate an ongoing uncompleted state or action up to the present moment.

Action Verbs

Verbs that express physical movement or activities, such as climb, dance, sleep, jump, play, swim, walk, eat, run, and sing.