Prion dz, Lentiviruses, Neosporosis

What kind of virus is CAE or OPP/OPE?

Lentivirus - retrovirus

(Maedi & Visna -> OPP)

What is the most common transmission of OPE/CAE?

Ingestion of infected colostrum/ milk

(OPP -> resp secretions possible)

What are clinical signs of CAE in goat kids 2-6w old?

Progressive ascending ataxia and tremors

Opisthotonous

What are clinical signs of CAE in adult goats?

Arthrits

Pneumonia

Mastitis

Wt loss

How is CAE dx?

AGID on blood - Ab present = infected never cleared

CSF - pleocytosis/ elevated TP

Leukoencephalomyelitis

What is tx for CAE/ OPE?

Cull

What is management for CAE/OPE?

Colostrum/ milk management

-heat treat

Who is more likely to get Ovine progressive encephalomyelitis?

Sheep older than 2y

What are the clinical signs of OPE?

Ataxia/ cicling

Twitching facial muscles

Blindness

Wt loss

Death in 1-2 years

What is dx of OPE?

Serology VI

What kind of virus is borders dz?

Pestivirus

How is borders dz transmitted?

In utero -> less than 50d of gestation

Body fluids

What are clinical signs of borders dz in lambs?

Hirsutism

Tremors of head/ neck

Ataxia

What are clinical signs of borders dz in a flock?

Abortion (mummified fetus)

Infertility

Birth defect

What are post mortem signs of borders dz?

Hydrancephaly

Cerebellar hypoplasia

Congenital malformations

Coenurus cerebralis commonly affects ___ most commohnly and is tx w/?

Sheep (Taenia multiceps)

Praziquantel

Scrapeis and BSE are both ____ dz?

REPORTABLE Prion dz

How is Scrapies transmitted?

Ingestion/ contact w/ infected birthing product

Who is most likely to get scrapies?

Sheep - long incubation 1-7 years

What are clinical signs of Scrapie in sheep?

Wt loss

Behavior changes

Ataxia/ tremors

Recumbency death

What will we see differently in goats affected w/ scapies?

Regurgitation of rumen content

Wt loss uncommon

What are dx tests of Scrapies?

Third eyelid biopsy + stain

Brain/ lympoid tissue

How do you prevent scrapies?

Genotype testing

-Select for resistants

How is BSE transmitted?

Consumption of meat and bone meal w/ infected nervous tissue - long incubation 2-8y

What are clinical signs of BSE?

Agressive

Muzzle licking/ kicking

Hypersensitivity

Hypermetra in rear limbs

Wt loss and decreased milk production

What is dx of BSE?

IHC

Western blot

Elisa

(ALL POST MORTEM)

When can an animal be tested for BSE?

Older than 30m

Non-ambulatory

CNS signs

How is Neosporosis transmitted?

Oocytes in dog feces

What are neospora caninum will cause what clinical signs?

Abortion/ infertility

Congenital infection of newborns

-unable to stand and nurse

-flexural contractions

-domed heads

-Torticollis

What is tx and prevention for neosporus?

N/A

-Cull positive dams

-Avoid canine exposure

What is going to cause nervous ketosis?

Neg energy balance

What are clinical signs of nervous ketosis?

Dry feces

Wont eat grain

Sweet breath w/ low GI motility

Aggressiveness

Hyperesthesia/ ataxia

Blindness

What is dx fo nervous ketosis?

Ketone levels in milk, urine or blood

How do you tx nervouse ketosis?

Dextrose IV

Insulin

Transfaunation

Propylene glycol

Whic form of coccidiosis will result in neuro signs?

Eimeria zurnii

What are clinical signs of Nervouse coccidiosis?

Ataxia and tremors

Snapping eyelids/ blindness

Opisthotonous

Episodes triggered by stress/ handling

What is going to cause psudorabies?

Neurotrophic alpha herpesvirus - spread via pigs

How does Psudorabies get to the brain?

Axonal migration - 2-3 day incubation

What are clinical signs of pseudorabies?

Severe puritis/ Derm abrasions

Stamping feet/ bellowing

Salivation

Ataxia/CP deficits

How is Pseudorabies controlled?

Keep ruminants and swine separate

Vax