5.6

Give the equation to form ATP. State the name of the reaction and the enzyme responsible.

ADP + Pi → ATP

Phosphorylation reaction catalysed by ATP synthase

Give the equation for the breakdown of ATP. State the name of the reaction and the enzyme its catalyzed by.

ATP → ADP + Pi

Hydrolysis reaction catalyzed by ATPase

How can ATP be used as an energy source

When hydrolysed, the phosphate gets hydrated and it releases energy which is then used for active transport, muscle contraction and protein synthesis.

Describe the structure of ATP

• 3 phosphate groups

• ribose sugar

• adenine base

Compare and contrast the structure of ATP to a DNA nucleotide

• Both have a pentose sugar - DNA has deoxyribose, ATP has ribose

• Both have nitrogenous base - DNA has CGAT, ATP has A

• Both have phosphate group - DNA has 1, ATP has 3