Roman History exam 2

Accidental Slavery

anyone could become a slave

aqueduct

stone channels, tunnels, and elevated arcades built to transport fresh water from distant springs and rivers into urban centers for baths and other places

C. Julius Caesar

C. Marius

C.Sallustius Crispus

C. Sempronius Gracchus

Castra

a fortified military camp or base used by the Roman army

Cato the Elder

Cato the Younger

Chattel Slavery

enslaved people could be bought, sold, rented, inherited, and subjected to severe violence or execution without legal personhood

Circus Maximus

the first, largest, and oldest chariot-racing stadium

Cn. Pompeius Magnus

Comitia Centuriata

Concilium Plebis

Concordia Ordinum

a political ideal promoted by Cicero meaning the "harmony of the orders", it sought a political and social coalition uniting the senate and the equites to protect the republic

Consul

Damnatio ad bestias

a form of Roman capital punishment in which condemned prisoners were killed by wild animal like lions, leopards, bears, and bulls in public places

Dominatio of Cinna

87-84 the domination of cinna

Domus

roman home for the wealthy

First Triumvirate

60-53, Caesar, Pompey, Crassus

Flavian Amphitheatre

the colosseum

Gallic War

58-50, lead by Caesar

Imperium

the ability to lead an army

insula

a multi-story apartment building in ancient Rome that housed the poor

intercessio

political or legal right of an official to block the action of another of equal or lesser rank

L. Cornelius Sulla Felix

L. Sergius Catilina

latifundia

vast agricultural estates owned by wealthy elites and farmed primarily by enslaved people

lesbia

M. Licinius Crassus

M. Livius Drusus

M. Tullius Cicero

marians

the populares and followers of marius

metus hostilis

fear of the enemy, that idea held together the republic and it began to fall apart after the destruction of carthage

natural slavery

some people are naturally master and others are naturally slaves

novus homo/ novi homines

new man, new men, were people who didn’t have an aristocratic background

P. Clodius Pulcher

optimates

those who believed in maintaining the traditional roman republic

P. Cornelius Scipio Aemilianus

Pact of Luca

the pact between the first triumvirate

Pantheon

temple made of concrete and has a perfect sphere in the center

Parthian Empire

fought against Crassus, had a cavalry that shot bows and arrows

Philhellenism

combined cultural admiration for Greek philosophy, literature, and art, was part of being an optimate

Plutarch

Populares

championed the cause of the plebeians and used popular assemblies and tribal meetings to pass laws and bypassed the Senate

Proletarii

the lowest social class of free Roman citizens defined by owning little or no property

Publicani

private contractors and tax farmers of the equites who managed public works, supplied military legions, and collected state revenues during the Roman Republic

Roman Basilica

a large, rectangular public building used primarily for law courts, business transactions, and official government meetings

Roman Forum

the bustling political, religious, economic, and social hub of the republic

Scipionic Circle

group of Roman politicians, philosophers, and writers gathered around Scipio Aemilianus where they discussed greek culture, literature, and stoic philosophy

Senate

Senatus Consultum

the advice of the senators

Senatus Consultum Ultimum

the ultimate decision of the senators

Siege of Alesia

Social War

91-87

Sulla’s dictatorship

Sulla’s proscriptions

sulla put a list out with names of people to kill for his own gain and the gain of his soldiers and allies

Tib. Sempronius Gracchus

Tribunus Plebis

Vercingetorix

age of augustus

C. Valerius Catullus

P. Cornelius Tactius

P. Ovidius Naso

P. Vergilius Marco

Q. Hortius Flaccus