Civil Rights Movement Test Review

Vocabulary and key identification review covering essential terms, leaders, organizations, and major events of the American Civil Rights Movement.

Racism

The belief that one race is superior to another, leading to unfair treatment and discrimination.

Segregation

The forced separation of people based on race.

Integration

Bringing different races together in schools, workplaces, and society.

Civil Rights

The basic rights and freedoms every person has, like the right to vote, equal protection, and fair treatment.

Nonviolent Protest

Peaceful protests, like marches and sit-ins, to bring about change.

Boycott

Refusing to buy or support something to protest unfair treatment.

Civil Disobedience

Breaking a law on purpose to show that the law is unjust.

Martin Luther King Jr.

Leader of the Civil Rights Movement who preached peace, equality, and love; delivered the "I Have a Dream" speech.

Malcolm X

Spoke about Black pride and self-defense, and believed in the separation of races at first, later supporting integration.

Rosa Parks

Refused to give up her seat on a bus, which helped spark the bus boycott.

Thurgood Marshall

Lawyer who fought for civil rights and became the first African American Supreme Court Justice.

Ruby Bridges

Young girl who integrated a white school.

The Little Rock Nine

9 African American students who were the first to integrate Central High School in Arkansas.

Governor Orval Faubus

Sent the National Guard to block integration in Little Rock.

President Dwight D. Eisenhower

Sent federal troops to enforce integration.

Freedom Riders

Activists who rode buses to end segregation.

SNCC

Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee; organized student protests.

NAACP

The National Association for the Advancement of Colored People, which fought for civil rights.

Black Panthers

Protected Black communities and fought for their rights.

Supreme Court

Ruled to end segregation in schools (Brown v. Board).

Jim Crow Era

Laws that enforced segregation and kept Black people separate.

Plessy v. Ferguson (1896)

Upheld segregation with "separate but equal."

World War II and Black Veterans

Many Black soldiers fought for freedom abroad, but still faced discrimination at home.

Television and Media's Impact on the CRM

Helped spread the movement's message to more people across the country.

Brown v. Board of Education (1954)

Ended segregation in public schools.

Little Rock Nine (1957)

9 Black students integrated Little Rock Central High.

Rosa Parks & Montgomery Bus Boycott (1955-1956)

Sparked the movement.

Sit-ins/Greensboro Four (1960)

Young people sat at lunch counters to protest segregation.

Freedom Rides (1961)

Activists rode buses to challenge segregation.

March on Washington (1963)

A massive peaceful protest for civil rights.

Freedom Summer (1964)

Voter registration and civil rights work in the South.

Civil Rights Act of 1964

Outlawed discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex.

Selma to Montgomery March (1965)

Brought attention to voting rights.

Voting Rights Act of 1965

Protected the right to vote for all Americans.