PH scale

PH

The measure of the concentration of Hydronium ions

The PH scale is

A base of 10- each step is 10 times stronger or weaker than the one before

When PH lowers

When PH lowers the hydronium concentration increases by a factor of 10 as the PH lowers 1 unit

When the PH increases

When the PH increases the hydronium concentration decreases by a factor of 10 by each unit

Weak Acids vs strong acids

Weak acids and bases are more common, strong acids and bases occur more naturally. Many indigenous made lye or natural bleach from wood ash. That would dye wash clothes, whiten hides, and make soap with lye base PH of 13

The Presence of H3O gives a soultion

Acidic properties. The concentration affects the speed of reactions, the amount of chemical change, and the amount of base needed for neutralization

Indicators

A compound that changes color in response to changes in PH. Each indicator has a certain PH range over which it can detect change

Natural Indicators Exist

The name Blackfoot First Nation came from the black moccasins worn by their members. The Black color came from natural dyes. They used berries, leaves, or bark and adjusted the colors of the dye using natural acids