CSUDH Bio Proteins

Where is the genetic information for protein found?

stored in teh DNA

Amino acids carry carboxyl groups with what characteristics?

• It has a central carbon (Alpha Carbon) it is connected to 4 things around it

• It has the amino group 

• It carries an acid (a carboxyl group), 

• It has a hydrogen

• And finally an R group (“Side chain”). That R group is what differentiates the 20 different amino acids

At pH 7 what happens?

3 hydrogens in the amino group

the N becomes a cation

the carboxyl group has an oxygen anion

Why are amino acids polar?

hydroxyl group

If the amino acid is charged what can it do with water?

bond because they form hydrogen bonds

What is the bond made by the dehydration reaction that connects two amino acids

peptide bond

When the R groups are chained up with other amino acids what are they called

side chains

When the amino acid is finally part of a protein what is it called

amino acid residues

At neutral pH the ends of the bonds will

amino end of a protein its term will change to be the amino terminus

the carboxyl group would change its term to the carboxy terminus

The end of a protein no matter what length will have what

one end be an amino group and one end be the carboxy group

When the amino acid is placed in water what will happen?

the polar side chains will try to face the water while the nonpolar will try to face away

the protein would move around until the maximum amount of polar side chains can face the water

The final shape of the protein in water is determined by what

the amino acid sequence

all info necessary to fold correctly is in the AA sequence alone

1st structure

amino acid sequence

2nd structure

local structure of alpha helices and beta sheets

3rd structure

the alpha helix and beta sheets form together to make the tertiary structure

overall shape of the protein

final shape the protein becomes

4th structure

serveral tertiary structures that fit together

not really bonded, fit like legos

Anfinsen experiment

took a protein and denatured it

proved all a protein needs is amino acid sequence

1. All amino acids have the following except

a. amino group

b. carboxyl group

c. alpha carbon

d. sulfhydryl group

d. sulfhydryl group

1. One amino acid can be distinguished from another because of their

a. amino group

b. carboxy group

c. side chain

d. alpha-carbon

e. sulfhydryl group

c. side chain

1. For the amino acid tyrosine, which of the following would you predict is true?

a. it is a nonpolar amino acid

b. it is a polar uncharged amino acid

c. it is a polar negatively charged amino acid

d. it is a polar positively charged amino acid

b. it is a polar uncharged amino acid

1. Which of the following are examples of the secondary structure of proteins?

a. alpha helices

b. chaperones

c. the overall 3D structure

d. a double helix

e. amino acid sequence

a. alpha helices