Organizing: Basic Organizational Design

Organizing

arranging and structuring work to accomplish organizational goals;

Structure

Organizing is an important process during which managers design an organization's ________.

Organizational structure

the formal arrangement of jobs within an organization.

Organizational chart

the structure can be show visually through an _______.

Organizational design

It is when managers create or change the structure

work specialization, departmentalization, chain of

command, span of control, centralization and decentralization, and formalization

What are the six key elements of organizational design?

Work Specialization

Dividing work into separate tasks, with employees focusing on particular tasks.

Productivity

Work specialization leads to _______.

Departmentalization

Grouping related jobs into departments to coordinate work.

Chain of command

The formal line of authority showing who reports to whom.

Span of control

The number of employees a manager can effectively

supervise.

How many employees can one manager effectively supervise?

Guide question for span of control

Centralization and decentralization

The extent to which decisions are concentrated at the top or shared with lower organizational levels.

Where are decisions made?

Guide question for centralization and decentralization

Formalization

The extent to which jobs and employee behavior follow standardized rules and procedures.

To what extent do rules and procedures guide employees' work?

Guide question for Formalization

Mechanistic organization

Rigid structure, clear hierarchy, specialized and standardized jobs, many formal rules, and close supervision

Centralized

Type of decision-making in mechanistic organization

Mainly follows the formal chain of command

Type of communication in mechanistic organization

Rules, procedures, and managerial authority.

Basis of coordination in a mechanistic organization

Provides clear responsibilities, consistent procedures, and strong control over routine work.

Advantages of a mechanistic organization

Can slow decisions, limit initiative, and make adaptation difficult

Disadvantages of a mechanistic organization

Stable conditions and predictable, repetitive tasks.

What is best suited for a mechanistic organization?

Organic organization

The main features of this type of organization involved a flexible structure, adaptable roles, few formal rules,

and limited direct supervision.

Decentralized

Type of decision-making in an organic organization

Encourages consultation and collaboration among colleagues.

Type of communication in an organic organization

Professional expertise, shared standards, and teamwork

Basis of coordination in a organic organization

Supports quick responses, innovation, and the use of

employees' expertise

Advantages of an organic organization

Can create unclear responsibilities, inconsistent

practices, and coordination difficulties.

Disadvantages of an organic organization

Changing conditions and complex tasks requiring

professional judgment

best suited for organic organization

Yes

Can organizations combine both features of a mechanistic and an organic organization? (Yes or No)

Work, environment

Match the structure to the _____ and _______.

Strategy, size, technology, environment al uncertainty

What are the four contingency factors?

Mechanistic organization

Which type of organization favors a strategy where the organization prioritizes cost control, efficiency, and

consistent operations?

Organic Organization

Which type of organization favors a strategy where the organization prioritizes innovation and new ideas?

mechanistic organization

Which type of organization favors a size where the organization is large and needs more specialization, departments, and formal rules?

organic organization

Which type of organization favors a size where the organization is smaller and can coordinate through flexible roles and direct interaction?

mechanistic organization

Which type of organization favors a technology where work is routine and standardized, particularly mass production?

Organic organization

Which type of organization favors a technology where work requires customized solutions or uses unit production or continuous-process production, as reflected in Woodward's findings?

mechanistic organization

Which type of organization favors an environmental uncertainty where conditions are stable, simple, and predictable?

Organic organization

Which type of organization favors an environmental uncertainty where conditions are changing, complex, and uncertain, requiring quick responses?

Administrative management

Departmentalization, chain of command, and spam of control are elements from which classical management model?

Weberian Bureaucratic Model

Work specialization, centralization and decentralization, and formalization are elements from which classical management model?

Organizational structure and knowledge sharing

The hypothesized relationship that identifies how roles, responsibilities, and working relationships are arranged is linked to knowledge sharing.