ah 2001 chapter 3

alg/o, algi/o, algesi/o

pain

carcin/o

cancer, carcinoma

cyst/o

filled sac or pouch, cyst, bladder

lith

calculus, stone

onc/o

tumor

path/o

diease

py/o

pus

pyr/o, pyret/o

fever, fire

scler/o

hard

tox/o, toxic/o

poison

brady-

slow

dys-

abnormal, painful, difficult

mal-

bad, poor

pachy-

thick

tachy-

rapid

xero-

dry

-cele

hernia, localized dilation

-clasis, -clasia

breaking

-itis

inflammation

-megaly

enlargement

-odynia

pain

-oma

tumor

-pathy

any diease of

-rhage, -rhagia

bursting forth, profuse flow, hemorrhage

-rhea

flow, discharge

-rhexis

rupture

-schisis

fissure, splitting

dilation, dilatation

expansion, widening

ectasia, ectasis

dilation, dilatation, distension

edema

accumulation of fluid, swelling

lysis

separation, loosening, dissolving, destruction

malacia

softening

necrosis

death of tissue

ptosis

dropping, downward displacement, prolapse

sclerosis

hardening

spasm

sudden contraction, cramp

stasis

suppression

stenosis

narrowing, constriction

staphylo

grape like clusters

strepto-

chain

bacill/i, bacill/o

bacillus

bacteri/o

bacterium

myc/o

fungus, mold

vir/o

virus

acute

sudden, severe, having short course

benign

not recurrent or malignant, favorable for recovery

chronic

of long duration, progressing slowly

etiology

cause of a disease

gram stain

divide gram pos (purple), gram neg (pink)

hernia

protrusion of organ through abnormal opening; rupture

immunity

defenses against infectious disease

lesion

distinct area of damaged tissue; injury or woundm

malignant

growing worse, harmful, tending to cause death, invasive tumor

metastasis

spread from one part of body to another, characterisitc of cancer

inflammation

localized response to tissue injury characterized by heat, pain, redness, swelling

necrosis

death of tissue

neoplasia

abnormal and uncontrolled growth of tissue

neoplasm

tumor, or abnormal growth, may be benign or malignant

parasite

organism that growns on or in another organism (host), causing damage

pathogen

organism capable of causing disease

phagocytosis

ingestion of organism, such as invading bacteria or small particles of waste material by cell

prolapse

dropping or downward displacement of organ or part

pus

product of inflammation consisting of fluid and WBC

sarcoma

malignant neoplasm arising from connective tissue

sepsis

presence of harmful microorganisms or their toxins in the blood or other tissues

trauma

physical or psychological wound or injury

acid-fast stain

identifies TB

communicable

capable of passing from one person to another, infectious disease

endemic

occurring at low level but continuously in a given region

epidemic

affecting many people ina. region at the same time, breaks out in large proportion of a population at a given team

exacerbation

worsening of disease, severity of symptoms

iatrogenic

caused by effects of treatment

idiopathic

having no known cause

in situ

localized, noninvasive, tumors that do not spread

normal flora

microorganisms that normally live on or in the body, harmless and even beneficial

nosocomial

infection acquired in hospital

opportunistic

infection that occurs bc of hosts poor or altered condition

pandemic

disease prevalent throughout an entire region or the world

remission

lessening of disease symptoms

septicemia

presence of pathogenic bacteria in the blood

systemic

pertaining to whole body

abscess

localization of pus

adhesion

uniting of two surfaces or parts normally separated

anaplasia

lack of normal differentiation (cancer cells)

ascites

accumulation of fluid in peritoneal cavity

cellulitis

spreading inflammation of tissuee

effusion

escape of fluid into cavity or other body part

exudate

material that escapes from blood vessels as result of tissue injury

fissure

groove or split

fistula

abnormal passage between 2 organs or from an organ to the surface of the body

gangrene

death of tissue, caused by lack of blood supply, may be associated w bacterial infection and decomposition

hyperplasia

excessive growth of normal cells in normal arrangement

hypertrophy

increase in size of organ without increase in number of cells, may result from increase in activity

induration

hardening, abnormally hard spot or place

metaplasia

conversion of cells to form not normal for that tissue

polyp

tumor attached by a thin stalk

purulent

forming or containing pus

suppuration

pus formation

AF

acid fast