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Episodic Memory

Ability to recall specific events and experiences from one's life.

Stanford Prison Experiment

Study on psychological effects of perceived power in a mock prison.

Somatic Disorders

Psychological disorders with unexplained physical symptoms.

Representative Heuristic

Classifying based on similarity, leading to judgment errors.

Fundamental Attribution Error

Overestimating personal traits, underestimating situational factors in behavior evaluation.

Evolutionary Theory

Traits and behaviors as adaptations shaped by natural selection.

Parts of a Neuron

Components include dendrites, cell body, axon, and axon terminals.

Action Potential

Graph showing electrical potential changes during neuron firing.

Piaget Stages

Cognitive development stages - sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operational, formal operational.

Token Economy

Behavior modification using tokens as reinforcement.

Habituation

Decrease in response to repeated stimulus presentations.

Pitch of a Tone

Perceived frequency determining sound's high or low pitch.

Homeostasis

Body's ability to maintain stable internal environment.

Generalization

Conditioned response elicited by similar stimuli.

Circadian Rhythm

Internal clock regulating sleep-wake cycle.

Types of Studies

Observational, case, longitudinal, cross-sectional, and surveys.

Broca's Area

Brain region for speech production and comprehension.

Language Theories

Behaviorist, nativist, and interactionist perspectives on language acquisition.

Law of Good Figure

Gestalt principle perceiving complex images in simplest form.

Independent/Dependent Variable

Manipulated vs. measured variables in experiments.

Cognitive Dissonance

State from conflicting beliefs, leading to discomfort.

James-Lange Theory

Emotion theory with arousal preceding emotional experience.

G Factor

General intelligence factor underlying cognitive abilities.

Foot-in-the-Door

Compliance technique with small request followed by larger one.

Procedural Memory

Long-term memory for task performance recollection.

Semantic Memory

Long-term memory for general knowledge and facts.

Flynn Effect

Rise in average IQ scores over generations.

Standard Bell Curve

Graph showing normal distribution of data.

Z Scores

Measure indicating data point's deviation from mean.

Positive/Negative Correlation

Both variables increase/decrease together or inversely.

Stages of Sleep

Phases including non-REM (stages 1-3) and REM sleep.

Standard Deviation

Measure of data dispersion around the mean.

Set Point Theory

Body's stable weight maintenance through hunger and metabolism regulation.

Misinformation Effect

Post-event information altering memory recollection.

Narcissism

Personality trait with self-focus, self-importance, and lack of empathy.

Humanistic

Psychological perspective on individual potential and self-actualization.

Variable Ratio

Reinforcement schedule with rewards after unpredictable responses.

Frontal Lobe

Brain part for executive functions, decision making, and emotion control.

Availability Heuristic

Judging event likelihood based on memory availability.

Types of Validity

Measures of test accuracy - construct, content, criterion, face validity.

TAT Test

Thematic Apperception Test for revealing underlying thoughts through stories.

Positive/Negative Skew

Asymmetric data distribution with longer tails on one side.