Neurotransmitters

acetylcholine

composed of acetic acid and choline

receptor: ionotropic and metabotropic

class: acetylcholine

epinephrine

receptor: metabotropic

class: monoamine

norepinephrine

receptor: metabotropic

class: monoamine

dopamine

receptor: metabotropic

class: monoamine

substance P

receptor: metabotropic

class: neuropeptide

endorphins

receptor: metabotropic

class: neuropeptide

Nitric oxide

receptor: metabotropic

class: gaseous neuromodulator

amino acids

glycine, glutamate, apartate, and GABA

monoamines

synthesized from amino acids

includes catecholamines- epinephrine (hormone) and norepinephrine (these increase heart rate and blood pressure)

histamine (for immune response), ATP, serotonin

these activate 2nd messenger system

neuropeptides

20-40 amino acids

stored in granules

substance P is for pain

activate 2nd messenger system

gasses

NO and CO

not stored in vesicles

diffuse in and out of the membrane and do not use vesicular transport

purines

Adenosine and ATP