History key dates Russia

russian revolution

tsar Nicholas ll becomes tsar

14 may 1896

famine crisis

throughout 1891

bolsheviks and Mensheviks emerge

throughout 1903, first display of opposition towards the monarchy and marxism

russo-jap war

8 feb 1904- 5 sep 1905, displays Russia militarily failures

Bloody Sunday

9 jan 1905, George capon leads workers strike at the winter palace, this was a result of 4 workers at the Putilov steelworks being unfairly dismissed, causing 400,000 to strike in 1905. troops fired on the marchers, 40 killed, faith in the tsar dropped.

strikes increase

throughout February to October 1905

st petersburg soviet established

October 1905, council for workers which would call for strikes

October manifesto

17 October 1905, Tsar proposed promises of civil liberties and a representative legislature, and promised Dumas (representative governments)

first duma

27 April - 8 July 1906

second duma

20 feb - 3 June 1907

third duma

1 November 1907 - 9 June 1912

fourth duma

15 November 1912 - 6 October 1917

Germany declare war on Russia

1 august 1914

austria - Hungary declares war on Russia

6 august 1914

Nicholas assumes personal command of the army

august 1915, goes to war front, leaves tsarina Alexandra in charge, led to suspicion

February revolution

February 1917, mass strikes in Petrograd, soldiers didn’t care, 200,000 workers, tsar lost power

international women’s day protests

23 February 1917, demand for bread, 250,000 protested

Petrograd soviet order no.1

1 march 1917, demanded Soldiers of the petrograd garrison obey orders of new government (loyalty)

Tsar abdicates

2 march 1917

provisional government formed

15 march 1917, temporary government

dual authority established

16 march 1917, weakness of new regime

April thesis

4 April 1917, call for Soviet power by Vladimir Lenin, establishes promises to end war and make decrees

July days

16-20 July 1917, armed demonstrations of bolshevik influence

kerenksy becomes prime minister

21 July 1917

Kornilov affair

27-30 august 1917, lavr kornilov sent troops to overthrow the provisional government in Petrograd

October revolution

24-25 October 1917, Bolsheviks overthrow provisional government “all power to the soviets”

peace decree and land decree

26 October 1917

declaration of the rights of the people

2 November 1917, promises equality, self determination, national rights

Cheka established

7 December 1917, led by Felix dzerzhinksy

constituent assembly

5-6 January 1918, challenging bolshevik rule

red army established

28 January 1918,

treaty of Brest litovsk

3 march 1918, pulled Russia out of the war

failed assassination on Lenin

30 august 1918

red terror declared

5 September 1918, repression

civil war

early to mid 1918,

bolsheviks win civil war

1921, through Trotsky’s ruthlessness

treaty of Riga

18 march 1921

war communism introduced

June 1918, grain requisitioning, etc

Kronstadt rebellion

1-18 march 1921, sailors presented demands on 26 february 1921

tenth party congress

8-16 march 1921, end of war communism, start of new economic policy

nep announced

21 march 1921

famine

throughout 1921

sovnarkom

26 October 1917

scissor crisis

Post NEP

bolsheviks

led by Lenin, socialist state

Mensheviks

role in Petrograd soviet

socialist revolutionaries

redistribution of land, peasantry as centre to social transforming

Petrograd soviet

led by Nikolas chkeidze, then Trotsky, represented workers and soldiers

provisional government

led by kerenksy, temporary government

sovnarkom

lenin, executive government

Cheka

bolshevik police, extorted terror

red army

bolsheviks army

white army

foreign armies, wanted tsar gone

Russia Orthodox Church

monarchists, old social order

Tsar Nicholas ll

autocratic ruler

Valdimir Lenin

leader of bolsheviks, April thesis

Leon Trotsky

founder of red army, chairman of Petrograd soviet

Alexander kerenksy

socialist politician, provisional government

Felix dzerzhinksy

founder of Cheka, major contributor to terror