unit 14 - gentics

Flashcards covering key concepts and vocabulary terms from the Bacterial Genetics lecture.

Auxotrophs

Bacteria that require a supplement to grow.

Prototrophs

Bacteria that can grow on minimal media (wild type).

Plasmid

A small, circular DNA molecule found in bacteria capable of autonomous replication.

Conjugation

A method of gene transfer in bacteria that requires contact between donor and recipient cells.

Hfr strain

High-frequency recombination strain that donates genetic information but does not change F– recipient to F+.

F+ cells

Donor bacterial cells that contain the fertility factor (F factor) and can donate part of their chromosome.

F- cells

Recipient bacterial cells that do not have the fertility factor.

Transformation

The process by which a bacterium takes up extracellular DNA from its environment.

Transduction

Viral-mediated transfer of bacterial genes.

Merozygote

A partially diploid bacterial cell resulting from the transfer of an F' factor that carries several adjoining genes.