chap 6 textbook

anxiety

a general feeling of apprehension about possible future danger

fear

an alarm reaction that occurs in response to immediate danger

fear and panic have 3 components

cognitive/subjective components, psychological components, and behavioral components

anxiety disorders

characterized by unrealistic, irrational fears or anxieties that cause significant distress and or impairments in functioning; specific phobia, social anxiety disorder, panic disorder, agoraphobia, and generalized anxiety disorder

neuroticism

a proneness/disposition to experience negative mood states that is a common risk factor for both anxiety and mood disorders

DSM 5 criteria for specific phobia

marked fear or anxiety about a specific object/situation, the phobic object/situation almost always provokes immediate fear/anxiety, the phobic object/situation is actively avoided or endured with intense fear/anxiety, the fear/anxiety is out of proportion to the actual danger posed by the specific object or situation and to the sociocultural context, the fear/anxiety/avoidance causes clinically significant distress/impairment in social, occupational, or other important areas of functioning, disturbance isn’t better explained by the symptoms of another mental disorder

phobia

a persistent and disproportionate fear of some specific object/situation that presents little or no actual danger and yet leads to a great deal of avoidance of these feared situations

specific phobia

present if a person shows strong and persistent fear that’s triggered by the presence of a specific object or situation and leads to significant distress/impairment in a persons ability to function

prepared learning

over the course of evolution, primates and humans who rapidly acquired fears of certain objects/situations that posed real threats to our ancestors had selective advantage

exposure therapy

form of behavior therapy that involves controlled exposure to the stimuli or situations that elicit phobic fear

social anxiety disorder

characterized by disabling fears of 1 or more specific social situations