chapter 7 isomers and carbsto know

glyceraldehyde and dihydroxyacetone are what?

constitutional isomers

What are constitutional isomers?

Isomers with the same molecular formula but a different arrangement of atoms (different connectivity).

Why are glyceraldehyde and dihydroxyacetone constitutional isomers?

They have the same molecular formula but different atom arrangements.

what are d glucose and d fructose and why?

Constitutional isomers. same elements different formations

How is the D or L configuration of a monosaccharide determined?

By the orientation of the hydroxyl (-OH) group on the chiral carbon furthest from the carbonyl group.

D or L glucose

D

D or L glucose

L

enantimers

Non-superimposable mirror images of each other.

all molecules are flipped but in same position

enantimers

diastereomers

what are diastereomers

not mirror images

at least 1 chiral carbon group is flipped compared to the original model

epimers

a type of diastereomer that only has 1 chrial carbon flippied

epimer

anomer

A ring form of an epimer

anomer

alpha anomer

beta anomer

glyceraldehyde

dihydroxyacetone

ribose

D galactose

D glucose

d-mannose