Psychology and Human Development Review Flashcards

A complete collection of 60 vocabulary flashcards covering human development, psychology, and social concepts directly from the transcript notes.

BMI

Measure based on height and weight, used to categorize body weight.

BMI Formula

Equation given for Body Mass Index: $\text{BMI} = \text{weight} + \text{height}$

DSM

Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders; manual used to classify and diagnose mental disorders.

Cortisol

Hormone released during body’s stress response.

Monogamy

Having one romantic/sexual partner at a time.

Marriage Age

Most marriages happen around ages 26-28.

Nuclear Family

Family consisting of parents + children.

Outward Appearance

How someone looks externally; can relate to how people perceive aging and attractiveness.

Divorce Rate

About 50-51%.

Menopause

End of menstruation + reproductive function in women.

Andropause

Age-related decline in testosterone in men.

IQ

Intelligence Quotient; standardized score to measure certain cognitive abilities relative to age, with an average score of 100.

David Wechsler

Developed widely used intelligence tests (WAIS for adults, WISC for children, WPPSI for young children).

WAIS

Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale, intelligence test developed by David Wechsler for adults.

WISC

Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children, developed by David Wechsler.

WPPSI

Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence, developed by David Wechsler for young children.

Traditional IQ Formula

$\frac{\text{MA}}{\text{CA}} \times 100$ (Mental age divided by chronological age times 100).

Breathing (Aging)

Starts to diminish after the age of 30.

Vision (Aging)

Aging concept involving changes in close vision, low-light vision, peripheral vision, and acuity.

In Vitro

Occurring outside living body, usually in a lab.

IVF (In Vitro Fertilization)

Fertilization that occurs in labs, leading to transfer into uterus/embryo.

Testosterone

Primary male sex hormone involved in reproductive development, sex function, physical development, and sperm production.

Estrogen

Female hormone involved in menstrual cycle, reproduction, and bone health.

Stereotype

Generalized belief about people.

Personality

Person’s relatively consistent pattern of thoughts, feelings, and behaviors.

Ethnic

Identification of a group based on shared cultural background, ancestry, and history.

Religion

System of beliefs, values, practices, and traditions concerning spirituality.

Erik Erikson

Developed the theory of psychosocial development.

College Trends

Attendance is going down, however it remains very popular.

Helicopter Parent

Over-bearing parent; controlling.

Faithfulness

1 thing in a marriage, meaningful especially to females, relates to being committed to only one person.

Cohabitation (Cohabit)

Living together; people who cohabitate have a higher divorce rate than people who don’t.

Depression

Mental disorder characterized by constant depressed mood, and loss of interest/pleasure.

Peer Pressure

Powerful social influence among peers.

Schizophrenia

Disjointed personality.

Politics

Political beliefs/ideology; becomes part of someone’s identity, worldview, values, etc.

Sleep Apnea

Breathing interruptions during sleep.

Narcolepsy

Uncontrollable sleep attacks.

Most Charitable

Canada.

Overweight

40 percent of adults over 25 in the US are overweight.

Eating Disorders

Anorexia is an eating disorder mostly experienced by women (25%).

Karen Carpenter

Famous singer who had anorexia.

Piaget Final Stage

Formal operational stage, which is the final of Piaget's 4 stages.

Suicide Rate Note

40k rate (suspected to be higher and assumed to be in the US).

Suicide Ideation

Thoughts of suicide ranging from thinking about death to developing a plan.

Drug Use

Use of drugs/substances, which can range from an occasional problem to a disorder, connected to peer pressure, risk-taking, and adulthood.

Comorbidity

Presence of two or more disorders/conditions in the same person.

Heinz Story

Mythical story about a guy who broke into a pharmacy and stole a drug because he couldn’t afford it.

Moral Reasoning

Reasoning regarding right and wrong, which is central to Kohlberg’s theory of moral development.

Lawrence Kohlberg

Developed moral development theory based on progression in how people morally reason (Heinz dilemma).

Vocation

Person’s occupation calling.

Sexual ID

How someone identifies in relation to sexuality.

LGBTQIA

Acronym for Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, Queer, Intersex, Asexual.

Cohort

Fancy word for “peer”.

Online 92%

Percentage of individuals who go online once a day.

Sexting

Sending/receiving explicit photos, videos, or messages through phones.

Rumination

Repeatedly thinking about a negative experience and problems without actively solving the problem.

Cluster Suicide

Several suicides grouped together which influences social perception.

Alcohol

Most abused substance (10% of people are alcoholics).

Marijuana

Substance that helps with cancers or vision problems (glaucoma).